Intro to Psychology Flashcards
What 2 things make something “science”?
- Claims have to be supported by facts
2. It has to be comparable
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
- Describe
- Understand
- Predict
- Influence/Change/Modify
What are the 3 ways of ‘doing’ psych?
- Teaching
- Experimental psychologist
- Applied psychologists
Differences b/w psychologist and psychiatrist?
Psychologist: -PhD/PsyD -training emphasizes research methods -not approved to administer medication -broad fields of study Psychiatrist: -MD -training in treatment of mental behavior/issues -licensed to prescribe straight out of med school
What makes pseudo-psychology not a real science and what are some examples?
It can’t be scientifically backed
ex: horoscopes, palm-readings, fortune telling
List the 7 perspectives of psychology
- Biological 2. Developmental
- Humanistic 4. Cognitive
- Behavioral 6. Psychodynamic
- Sociocultural
Biological psych looks at _______ and _______ from many different biological aspects
behavior and emotion
What are biological psych’s 2 main fields of study?
Neuroscience and evolutionary psych
Which perspective did Rene Descartes contribute to?
Biological
What is evolutionary psychology?
Biological bases of mental traits shared by all humans
Cognitive psychology views humans as ___________ ___________ systems
Information processing
What 2 terms best describe cognitive psych?
Thoughts & mental processes
Who are the two main sources of cognitive psych?
Willhelm Wundt and William James
What 2 terms best describe behavioral psych?
Learning and environment
Who are the main sources of behavioral psych?
B.F. Skinner, John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov
What is an example of operant conditioning?
Training a dog and rewarding it with treats
What is a humanistic therapist’s main goal?
Help their patient reach their fullest potential
Who are the main sources of humanistic psych?
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
What do humanistic psychs believe about behavior?
Behavior is influenced by our environment
Maslow’s pyramid from top to bottom
- Self-actualization
- Self-esteem
- Love+social belonging
- Safety
- Physiological needs
What do psychodynamic psychs study?
Processes in our unconscious mind
Main source of psychodynamic psych
Sigmund Freud
What perspective would not mix well with psychodynamic and why?
Behavioral because it’s external and psycho is internal
What’s a Freudian slip?
Accidental remark that comes from the unconscious mind
Sources of developmental psych?
Mary Ainsworth and Jean Piaget
What do developmental psychs study?
Personal development throughout lifespan
What is believed by sociocultural psychs?
Social and cultural influences can overpower other factors
Who are the main sources of sociocultural psych?
Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo
What is Joseph Gall known for?
Austrian physician who invented phrenology
What is phrenology?
Study of correspondence between shape of skull and personality traits
Who established the first psych lab?
Willhelm Wundt
Who established the first psych lab in the US?
William James
What did Signmund Freud’s theories help us build our views on?
Childhood, dreams, personality, and sexuality
What’s structuralism and who studied it?
Breaking down all matter into simple elements (ideas, sensations) and structures, relies on introspection, Wundt and Titchener
What’s functionalism and who studied it?
Function of behavior, Charles darwin and William James
