Intro to pharmacology and pK pD application Flashcards
Definition of pharmacology
It is a study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes. These interactions occur by binding of substance to regulatory molecules and activating/inhibiting normal body processes.
What is Pharmacokinetics
what the body does to a drug
Pharmacodynamics
What the drug does to the body
Personalised medication what does it mean?
It denotes clinical treatment that considers the genetic factors that contribute to the disease and the pharmacogenomic factors that influence the response to drug treatment in specific individuals.
How does hepatic disease affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs?
Hepatic disease can alter drug pharmacokinetics, including its bioavailability and disposition as well as sometimes its pharmacodynamics, including efficacy and safety. Drugs and metabolites may also be excreted by biliary secretion.
Hepatic disease may lead to drug accumulation, failure to form an active or inactive metabolite, increased bioavailability after oral administration, and other effects including possible alteration in drug–protein binding. Liver disease may also alter kidney function, which can lead to accumulation of a drug and its metabolites even when the liver is not primarily responsible for elimination
What medication changes will you do for patient with poor renal clearance?
Decrease dose (or adjust), check for patient serum creatinine clearance, and serum creatinine concentration
Which population are the special population needed to titrate medications for?
Elderly, children, obese patient, hepatic or renal impaired patients
Drugs with narrow therapeutics window
Amikacin, carbamazepine, digoxin, Gentamicin, Lidocaine, lithium, Phenytoin, procainamide, quinidine, theophylline, tobramycin, valproic acid, vancomycin
Objective of therapy management
Improve the quality, effectiveness, efficiency of healthcare delivery
