Adrenergic and anti-adrenergic Flashcards
Activation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors leads to:
A) Vasoconstriction
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Bronchoconstriction
D) Increased glycogenolysis
A) Vasoconstriction
Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine?
A) Epinephrine
B) Norepinephrine
C) Dopamine
D) Phenylephrine
D) Phenylephrine
Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for mediating bronchodilation?
A) Alpha-1
B) Alpha-2
C) Beta-1
D) Beta-2
Answer: D) Beta-2
Which of the following drugs is a non-selective beta-blocker?
A) Atenolol
B) Metoprolol
C) Propranolol
D) Labetalol
C) Propranolol
The primary clinical use of epinephrine is:
A) Treatment of hypertension
B) Treatment of asthma
C) Treatment of bradycardia
D) Treatment of anaphylaxis
D) Treatment of anaphylaxis
Which of the following drugs is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist?
A) Prazosin
B) Atenolol
C) Metoprolol
D) Carvedilol
A) Prazosin
Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily found in the heart and kidneys?
A) Alpha-1
B) Alpha-2
C) Beta-1
D) Beta-2
C) Beta-1
The primary clinical use of norepinephrine is:
A) Treatment of hypotension
B) Treatment of asthma
C) Treatment of bradycardia
D) Treatment of anaphylaxis
A) Treatment of hypotension
What is an example of a mixed alpha and beta antagonist?
Drugs in this class include carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Trandate) and dilevalol (Unicard).
Activation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors leads to:
A) Vasodilation
B) Increased heart rate
C) Bronchoconstriction
D) Increased glycogenolysis
B) Increased heart rate
Activation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchi leads to:
A) Vasodilation
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Bronchodilation
D) Increased glycogenolysis
C) Bronchodilation
What are the adverse effects of methyldopa
It can cause haemolytic anemia and hepatoxicity- contraindicated in pt with liver disease
What is the MOA of direct alpha adrenoceptor antagonist
Blocks vasoconstriction, and use to treat chronic hypertension (Prazosin)
What is the MOA of direct beta adrenoreceptor antagonist (non-selective)?
Stimulation of beta receptors can lead to the release of adrenaline, which causes the constriction of blood vessels. Nonselective beta-blockers inhibit all beta receptors resulting in decreased: Heart rate. Contraction of heart muscles.
Why do patients only take 1 dose a day for beta blocker instead of 2 dose a day for its effect despite the short half life of 12 hrs?
Beta blockers reduce blood pressure by 2 mechanisms, 1 via the direct mechanism, which decreases the force of contractility and heart rate. The second mechanism acts on the renin aldosterone angiotensin pathway, which has a longer effect, due to its longer pathway, which decreases BP.
Which b1 adrenoceptor antagonist does not have local anaesthetic action on the eye?
Betaxolol
What is the reason for caution of beta blockers in diabetes?
They can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia ( eg, tremor and heart pounding by the sympathetic nervous system is reduced)
Name a indirect anti-adrenergic and the MOA
Dexmedetomidine- decreases the NE release, which causes a reduced in visceral vasoconstriction and increases sedation and hypotension
What is the action of methyldopa
It is a indirect adrenergic antagonist which inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase- which results in formation of false transmitter methynoradrenaline.- which decrease BP.
What is the renal action of dopamine? At low doses
Renal vasodilation, resulting increased diuresis,
reduced sodium reabsorption, increases natriuresis.
Which system is affected by alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 2
GI system, decreased motility and decrease secretion- in sympathetic action
What does isoprenaline do?
It is a beta agonist that help with asthma and cardiac resuscitation
What is a non-selective alpha adrenoreceptor
oxymetazoline- vasoconstriction - nasal decongestant.
what is mirabegron used for
It is a beta 3 agonist, used for overactive bladder.
Mao Inhibitors MOA and example
Moclobemide increases the biological availability of catecholamines, blocks MAO.
What drug fulfils this action of blocking the reuptake of Norepinephrine
Tricyclic antidepressants
Why is ephedrine only administered as nasal decongestant?
It is able to have direct alpha and beta adrenoceptor agonist activity.
What are competitive substrates for MAO?
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
What has both alpha 1 and beta 1 agonist- list 3
Doapmine (both equal) Norephinephrine (more alpha than beta) and epinephrine (more beta than alpha)
What is a centrally acting anti-hypertensive?
Clonidine
