Intro To Pharmacology

Question 1

Airborne precautions

Answer 1

Essential when dealing with airborne pathogens; eyewear, N95, shield, gloves

Question 2

Contact precautions

Answer 2

Protective clothing and gear to minimize contamination; eyewear, gown, gloves, N95 mask

Question 3

Droplet precautions

Answer 3

Protective clothing and gear that prevents/minimizes contamination; eyewear, gown, gloves, N95 mask, possible shield

Question 4

Orphan drug act

Answer 4

Passed to motivate development and provision of new, effective drugs for rare diseases

Question 5

Five main sources of drugs

Answer 5

Plants, animals/humans, minerals/mineral products, laboratory-produces chemicals, DNA-produces drugs

Question 6

Drug approval process

Answer 6

Animals studies, clinical trials

Question 7

Animal studies

Answer 7

Tested on at least 2 animal species; successful move to clinical trials

Question 8

Clinical trials - phase 1

Answer 8

Tested in healthy volunteers to compare with animal data, safe doses

Question 9

Clinical trials - phase 2

Answer 9

50 - 300 patients in a double blind studies

Question 10

Clinical trials - phase 3

Answer 10

Larger patient group (1000s) lasting several years to evaluate efficiency and side effects

Question 11

Clinical trials - phase 4

Answer 11

“New drug submission” to HPFB

Question 12

Chemical drug nomenclature

Answer 12

States its chemical composition and molecular structure

Question 13

Generic drug nomenclature

Answer 13

Should not be capitalized, available for use by other drug companies, based on drugs chemical composition; hydrochloride

Question 14

Trade drug nomenclature

Answer 14

Manufacturer registered a drug using a trademark, sometimes called brand name, always capitalized; Demerol

Question 15

Drug standardization

Answer 15

Drug must be uniform and consistent in strength when offered on the market

Question 16

Special considerations; pregnancy and Brest feeding

Answer 16

Potential of drugs to cross placental barrier can be of concern to developing fetus/infant safety

Question 17

Pediatric considerations

Answer 17

May require smaller dosing of medications compared to adults, or smaller amount because of higher concentration; commonly based on weight and body surface area

Question 18

Geriatric considerations

Answer 18

May be taking multiple medications; body organs may be slower than normal causing altered effects of medications

Question 19

Controlled drug and substances act

Answer 19

Governs the production, registration, distribution and possession of narcotic and controlled substances

Question 20

OLMC

Answer 20

On Line Medical Control

Question 21

The law states that controlled substances/narcotics must be?

Answer 21

Under lock and key storage/kept on the ACPs person

Question 22

How all narcotics must be accounted for?

Answer 22

Administered, wasted, expired, broken

Question 23

Drug preparations

Answer 23

Solutions, suspensions, capsules, tablets, suppositories, inhalants, aerosols, ampules, vials, pre-filled syringes, vial of powder solute and vial of liquid solvent, spray, gel

Question 24

Solutions

Answer 24

A mixture of one or more substances entirely dissolved in water; normal saline, Nitro, epinephrine, D50W

Question 25

Suspensions

Answer 25

Liquid with small particles of a solid dispersed, but not dissolved, dispersal is maintained by stirring or shaking the mixture; activated charcoal

Question 26

Capsules

Answer 26

Gelatin container used for single dose drug administration

Question 27

Tablets

Answer 27

Small solid mass of medicinal powder

Question 28

Suppositories

Answer 28

Mixture of a drug that is formed into a firm semi-solid cylinder or cone shaped mass that melts at body temperature