Cardiology Medications Flashcards
Acetylsalicylic Acid trade names
ASA, Asprin, Bufferin
Acetylsalicylic Acid AHS protocol
Adult acute coronary syndrome (suspected)
Acetylsalicylic Acid classification
Antiplatelet, analgesic; antipyretic; anti-inflammatory, non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory drug (NOT A BLOOD THINNER)
Acetylsalicylic Acid mechanism of action
Blocks the formation of thromboxane A2, which is responsible for platelets aggregating and arteries constricting.
Produces analgesia and has anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins
Acetylsalicylic Acid indications
Anti-platelet therapy in acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
Acetylsalicylic Acid contraindications
-Hypersensitivity to salicylates/NSAIDS.
-unconscious/unable to follow commands.
-active ulcer disease/active GI hemorrhage.
-bleeding disorders.
Pregnancy (especially 3rd trimester).
-children under 15
-ASA induced asthma
Acetylsalicylic Acid adult dose
160mg - 162mg PO chewed for a total maximum in 24 hours
Acetylsalicylic Acid pediatric dose
N/A
Acetylsalicylic Acid side effects
-GI irritation
-nausea/vomitting
-tinnitus
-increased risk of bleeding
Acetylsalicylic Acid pharmacokinetics
Onset: 1-2 hours
Acetylsalicylic Acid EMS considerations
-withhold EMS dose if confirmed that patient took ASA properly.
-EMS dose must be given even if patient has taken daily dose or if they are taking blood thinners.
-patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy; ASA may potentiation the effect.
-closely monitor diabetic patients for hypoglycemia.
Antianginals
Nitrates dilate coronary arteries and cause systemic vasodilation (decreased preload)
Anticoagulant
Prevent blood clot progression and formation
Antidysrhythmics
Used to treat and prevent abnormal cardiac rhythms
Antihypertensives
Drugs used to treat hypertension
Antihyperlipidemic agents
Drugs used to treat high cholesterol
Nitroglycerin trade names
Nitrostat, Nitro-Bid; Nitro-
Nitroglycerin AHS protocol
Adult acute coronary syndrome (suspected)
Nitroglycerin classification
Antianginal, vasodilator
Nitroglycerin mechanism of action
-causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle; dilation of both arterial and venous blood vessels, decreasing both preload and afterload.
-myocardial perfusion is increased through coronary and collateral blood vessel dilation.
Nitroglycerin indications
Suspected adult coronary syndrome (chest pain)
Nitroglycerin contraindications
-Systolic BP less than 100mmHg
-right ventricular infarction/acute stemi(12 lead message)
-patients taking phosphodiesterase inhibitors(MANDATORY OLMC)
Nitroglycerin adult dose
-0.4mg sublingual spray 5min prn or until systolic BP less than 100mmHg
-0.8 mg/hr patch
-0.3mg sublingual tablet 5min prn or until systolic BP less than 100mmHg
Nitroglycerin pediatric dose
N/A
Nitroglycerin side effects
-headaches
-hypotension
-dizziness/lightheadedness
-nausea/vomiting
Nitroglycerin pharmacokinetics
Onset: 1-3 mins (sublingual), 40-60 mins (patch)
Nitroglycerin EMS considerations
-PCPs will withhold all forms of nitrogen if monitor generated a message reading STEMI, ACUTE MI SUSPECTED, ST ELEVATION CRITERIA MET.
-contact OLMC if patient took viagra/cialis in the previous 24-48hrs.
-IV should be in place prior to administration.
-apply patch on upper left chest, write the date and time on the patch.
-remove any medical patches.
-contact OLMC if chest pain is accompanied by severe brady or tachydysrhythmia
