Intro to Pharm Flashcards
The desired therapeutic effect of the drug. Goal to prevent, reduce, control and cure.
Pharmacotherapeutics
The changes that occur to the drug while it is inside the body ADME. The movement of the drug in the body.
Pharmacokinetics
The effects of the drug on the body
Pharmacodynamics
The conditions under which the drug should not be sued or must be used carefully with monitoring
Contraindications and precautions
The unintended and usually undesired effects that may occur with the use of the drug
Adverse effects
The effects that may occur when the drug is given along with another drug, food, or substance
Drug interactions
Identifies drugs atomic and m molecular structure
Chemical Name
Assigned by the m manufacturer that first develops the drug
Generic name
Name by which the drug is identified in official publications United States pharmacopeia and national formulary
official name (monograph)
Brand name copyrighted by the company that sells the drug
trade name
Refers tot he mechanism of action, physiologic effect, and chemical structure of the drug
Pharmaceutical class
Refers to the clinical indication for the drug or therapeutic action
Therapeutic class
The government subsidizes the drug companies to develop drugs for rare diseases
Orphan drugs
Drugs pushed through the quick FDA approval for dying patients
Compassionate use
VIA oral, NG, G, tablets, enteric coated, sustained release, sublingual, buccal, troches, capsules, syrups, elixirs, emulsions, suspensions.
Enteral Route
Injections, SUB Q, IM, and IV
Parenteral Route
Balms, creams, gels, oils, lotions, patches, ointments and other products that you apply to your skin.
Topical Route
The movement of the drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream.
Absorption
The movement of the drug into the cells.
Distribution
The conversion of the drug into another substance or substances
Metabolism
The removal of the drug
Excretion
Higher does needed to obtain therapeutic effect due to increased metabolism, cell receptor sites not responding.
Tolerance
Psychological or physiological dependence, biochemical changes in the body leads to withdrawal. Emotional reliance for sense of well-being.
Addiction/dependence
The rate of disappearance of drug molecules form circulation
Clearance
Time required to remove 50% of the drug from the body
Half life
Constant therapeutic level
steady state
Concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity
Therapeutic range
The point when the drug is at its lowest concentration, indicating the rate of elimination
trough level
Totally opposite to what is expected to happen (wild response to a sedative)
Paradoxical Idiosyncratic
When two or more like drugs are combined the result is greater than effect than either one alone
Additiive effect
Two or more unlike drugs are given to produce a combined effect.
Synergistic effect
2 drugs of different classification combined. One drug makes the other drug work better.
Potentiated
