Chapter 40

Question 1

The fluid within cells, constituting about 70% of the total body water or 40% of the adult’s body weight.

Answer 1

Intracellular Fluid

Question 2

Extracellular fluid is all the fluid outside the cells, account for about 30% of the total water or 20% of the adult’s body weight. ECF includes two major areas, the intravascular and interstitial compartments.

Answer 2

Extracellular fluid

Question 3

The thirst control center is stimulated by intracellular dehydration and decreased blood volume

Answer 3

Hypothalamus

Question 4

Desirable amount of fluid intake and loss in adults ranges from

Answer 4

1500 to 3500 ml each 24 hours with most averaging 2500/2600 mL per day.

Question 5

Major electrolytes in the ECF

Answer 5

Sodium, Chloride, Calcium and bicarbonate

Question 6

major electrolytes in the ICF

Answer 6

Potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium

Question 7

Cell membranes are semipermeable, allowing some, but not all pollutes to pass through the cell membranes

Answer 7

Osmosis

Question 8

The major method of transporting body fluids

Answer 8

osmosis

Question 9

The concentration of particles in a solution or its pulling power is referred to as the osmolarity of a solution

Answer 9

Osmolarity

Question 10

A solution that has a greater osmolarity than plasma

Answer 10

Hypertonic Solution

Question 11

A solution that has a lesser osmolarity than plasma

Answer 11

Hypotonic Solution

Question 12

The chief electrolyte of ECF, regulates extracellular fluid volume. 133-145 mEq/L

Answer 12

Sodium

Question 13

Major cation of ICF, controls intracellular osmolality, 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Answer 13

Potassium

Question 14

Most abundant electrolyte in the body, role in the blood is coagulation and in transmission of nerve impulses. 4.5-5.1 mg/dL

Answer 14

Calcium

Question 15

Second most abundant ICF cation after potassium, helps metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins. 1.3-2.3mEq/L

Answer 15

Magnesium

Question 16

Major ECF anion, major component of interstitial and lymph fluid, gastric and pancreatic juices, swear, bile and saliva. 97-107 mEq/L

Answer 16

Chloride

Question 17

An anion that is the major chemical base buffer within the body, Helps regulates acid-base balance. 25-29 mEq/L

Answer 17

Bicarbonate