Intro to patho Flashcards

1
Q

Pathophysiology definition

A

Study of biological and physical manifestations of disease. Explains S & S but not treatment

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2
Q

Pathogenesis

A

Sequence of events involved in the tissue change

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3
Q

Disease definition

A

Abnormal vital function involving any part or system of an organism

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4
Q

Reasons for medics to take patho

A
Differentials (helps with similar S & S)
Understand treatments (pharmo, surg)
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5
Q

Father of patho

A

Rudolf Virchow

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6
Q

Etiology definition

A

Study of all factors that me be involved in development

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7
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of old and new cases during a period of time

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8
Q

Incidence

A

New cases during a period of time

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9
Q

Sign and symptom

A

Objective finding

Symptom is subjective

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10
Q

Syndrome

A

Complex of S & S resulting from a common cause to present a clinical picture

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11
Q

Prognosis

A

Prediction of probable outcome

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12
Q

Morbidity/Mortality

A

Illness or abnormal condition

Condition of being subject to death

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13
Q

Iatrogenic

A

By healthcare

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14
Q

Nosocomial

A

Pertaining to hospital

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15
Q

Inheritred

A

Acquisition or expression of traits or conditions by transmission of genetic material

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16
Q

Congenital

A

Present at birth

17
Q

Internal causes of disease

A

Vascular, immunologic, metabolic

18
Q

External causes of disease

A

Physical, chemical, microbiologic

19
Q

Specific causation of disease

A

Acquired, idiopathic, iatrogenic, nosocomial, congenital, inherited

20
Q

Risk factors of disease

A

Age, genes, environment, lifestyle, multifactorial

21
Q

3 types of genetic causation

A

Genetic abnormalities
Chromosomal abnormalities
Multifactorial

22
Q

Genetic abnormalities

A

Single defective or mutant gene, usually on recessive gene
Huntington’s
Hemophilia
Cystic Fibrosis

23
Q

Chromosomal abnormalities

A

Abnormal number of chromosomes

Occurs in 1 in 12 conceptions

24
Q

Multifactorial

A

Genetic basis plus environment
Congenital - Cleft palate, clubfoot, heart defects
Others - HTN, CAD, CA, IDDM, NIDDM, psych

25
Alchemist rule is
Everything is a poison, it is a matter of the dose
26
Acute disease definition
Begins abruptly with marked intensity | Self limiting
27
Chronic disease definition
Continuous, often till death May be constant or marked by exacerbations Insidious (proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, but with harmful effects)
28
Lesion
A region which has suffered damage through injury or disease
29
Stress (transitional or interactive concept) definition
Demand exceeds coping abilities. | Results in disturbances; cognitive, emotional, behaviour, well-being
30
Physiologic stress definition
A chemical or physical disturbance in cell tissue or fluid which requires a response to balance
31
Three components of physiologic stress
Stressor Physical or chemical Body's response
32
Who invented GAS (general adaptation syndrome)
Hans Selye (endo)
33
Three stages of GAS
Alarm stage Resistance/adaptation stage Exhaustion stage
34
Alarm stage of GAS
somatic nervous system and HPA increase catecholamines and cortisol
35
Resistance stage of GAS
Most economic and effective channels are selected to respond to the altered state
36
Exhaustion stage of GAS
Resources are depleted, systemic damage is done