Intro to Imaging Flashcards
1
Q
medical imaging
A
The process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical and medical intervention.
- Plan treatment
- diagnose disease
- monitor disease progression or treatment response
2
Q
medical image types
A
- planar images
- cross sectional images
- volume rendered images
- 3D prints
3
Q
planar images
A
- fluoroscopy
- radiography
- scintigraphy
4
Q
cross sectional images
A
- ultrasonography
- computed tomography
- magnetic resonance imaging
5
Q
Cons of Medical images
A
- Most medical images are 2D images
- 2D images have limitations to what it may show us
- Depth perception isn’t accurate
6
Q
radiographs
A
measure the differential absorption of X rays
7
Q
medical images depict:
A
- Distribution of a tissue characteristic in the body
- morphology
- Function
8
Q
How do Xrays work?
A
- X ray generator emits X rays which hit the patient and the organs.
- The X ray comes out altered which the detector will measure
- Black: not absorbed
- White: absorbed more
9
Q
fluoroscopy: how it works
A
- Motion picture of X ray
- Use it when we want to see motion
10
Q
Ultrasonography: how it works
A
- Sound is emitted–> interacts with patient –> echo produced
- high acoustic impedance = sound is reflected back = white
- sound is absorbed= black
11
Q
nuclear scintigraphy
A
- inject radioisotope, isotope will accumulate in certain areas and we can link it to specific structures
- radioactive decay in 360 degrees–> detector can detect radiation
12
Q
computed tomography
A
- radiation in a specific direction
- then rotate and scan
- can rotate through different layers
- bone display vs. soft-tissue display
- map of linear attenuation = measures density of tissues
- more dense=more white
- muscle not very dense=darker
13
Q
MRI: how it works
A
- radiowave
- inside body has lots of protons in random arrangement
- put body in high magnetic field = protons align
- radiowave in body, deflects proton in diff way
- remove wave, proton back to align, measure it
- t1= first tissue characteristic
- proton density= measures concentration of protons in tissues
14
Q
Radiography and Fluoroscopy
A
X rays
Differential absorption of the X ray beam
15
Q
Ultrasonography
A
Sound waves
Acoustic impedance
