Intro to GI

Question 1

signs and symptoms of GI pathology (simplified)

Answer 1

*pain
*bleeding
*dysphagia
*nausea/vomiting
*diarrhea
*constipation
*weight loss
*jaundice

Question 2

mechanisms of GI pathology (simplified)

Answer 2

*inflammation
*ulceration
*obstruction
*dysmotility

Question 3

mouth & oropharynx - functions (simplified)

Answer 3

*taste
*mechanical preparation of bolus
*lubrication
*transport
*digestion

Question 4

mouth & oropharynx - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 4

*pain
*dysgeusia
*dysphagia
*choking
*coughing
*nasal regurgitation

Question 5

esophagus - functions (simplified)

Answer 5

*transport

Question 6

esophagus - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 6

*dysphagia
*odynophagia
*heartburn (pyrosis)
*chest pain

Question 7

stomach - functions (simplified)

Answer 7

*reservoir
*mixing
*grinding
*lubrication
*transport
*digestion

Question 8

stomach - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 8

*dyspepsia
*pain
*nausea
*vomiting
*anorexia
*early satiety
*bloating

Question 9

small intestine - functions (simplified)

Answer 9

*digestion
*nutrient absorption
*water absorption
*transport

Question 10

small intestine - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 10

*pain
*bloating
*nausea
*vomiting
*anorexia
*early satiety
*diarrhea
*borborygmi

Question 11

colon - functions (simplified)

Answer 11

*water absorption
*transport
*reservoir
*excretion

Question 12

colon - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 12

*pain
*bloating
*constipation
*diarrhea

Question 13

liver - functions (simplified)

Answer 13

1) power plant (processing and redistribution of glucose and fatty acids)
2) manufacturing plant (transport proteins, coagulation factors, and bile acids for fat absorption)
3) waste management plant (detoxification and excretion)

Question 14

liver - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 14

*fatigue
*anorexia
*pruritus
*jaundice

Question 15

biliary tree - functions (simplified)

Answer 15

*bile transport
*reservoir

Question 16

biliary tree - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 16

*pain
*jaundice
*pruritus (itching)

Question 17

pancreas - functions (simplified)

Answer 17

*digestion
*enzyme secretion

Question 18

pancreas - symptoms (simplified)

Answer 18

*pain
*diarrhea
*jaundice

Question 19

GI “alarm symptoms”

Answer 19

*weight loss
*blood loss (hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, melena, hematochezia, iron-deficiency anemia)
*dysphagia
*nocturnal symptoms
*new-onset GI sx after age 50
*jaundice

Question 20

lab studies for investigation of GI symptoms

Answer 20

*CBC (Hb, MCV, WBC, plt)
*INR (international normalized ratio)
*CMP (Na, K, Cl, HCO3, BUN/Cr, liver function tests, glucose)
*amylase, lipase
*urinalysis
*stool studies

Question 21

radiographic studies for the investigation of GI sx

Answer 21

*plain films (x-rays)
*angiography
*nuclear medicine
*ultrasound
*CT
*MR

Question 22

treatment of GI diseases

Answer 22

*pharmacology (oral, anal, IV, IM, subQ)
*endoscopic
*interventional radiology
*surgery