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Neurology > intro to cranial nerves > Flashcards

intro to cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

a network of 43 pairs of motor and sensory neves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the entire human body

A

peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

how many peripheral nerve pairs are spinal nerves

A

31

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3
Q

how many peripheral nerve pairs are cranial nerves

A

12

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4
Q

where do most cranial nerves originate

A

brainstem

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5
Q

which two cranial nerves do not originate in the brainstem

A

CN 1 and 2

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6
Q

How are cranial nerves numbered

A

according to the sequence in which they leave the brain

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7
Q

all spinal nerves are what kind of nerves

A

mixed (afferent and efferent)

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8
Q

what kind of nerves are cranial nerves

A

either afferent or efferent, or mixed

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9
Q

CN 1 is what kind of nerve

A

sensory

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10
Q

CN2 is what kind of nerve

A

sensory

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11
Q

CN3 is what kind of nerve

A

motor

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12
Q

CN4 is what kind of nerve

A

motor

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13
Q

CN5 is what kind of nerve

A

mixed

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14
Q

CN6 is what kind of nerve

A

motor

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15
Q

CN7 is what kind of nerve

A

mixed

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16
Q

CN8 is what kind of nerve

A

sensory

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17
Q

CN9 is what kind of nerve

A

mixed

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18
Q

CN10 is what kind of nerve

A

mixed

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19
Q

CN11 is what kind of nerve

A

motor

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20
Q

CN12 is what kind of nerve

A

motor

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21
Q

name of CN1

A

olfactory nerve

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22
Q

name of CN2

A

optic nerve

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23
Q

name of CN3

A

oculomotor nerve

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24
Q

name of CN4

A

trochlear nerve

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25
Q

name of CN5

A

trigeminal nerve

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26
Q

name of CN6

A

abducens nerve

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27
Q

name of CN7

A

facial nerve

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28
Q

name of CN8

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

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29
Q

name of CN9

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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30
Q

name of CN10

A

vagus nerve

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31
Q

name of CN11

A

accessory nerve

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32
Q

name of CN12

A

hypoglossal nerve

33
Q

function of CN12

A

tongue

34
Q

the sensory pathways of the cranial nerves contain what in

A

ganglia in the PNS

35
Q

the sensory pathways of the cranial nerves contain what in

A

ganglia in the PNS

36
Q

cranial nerve function: during breathing air molecules attach and dissolve in the olfactory epithelium and stimulate hair cells, transducing chemical activity into APs

A

olfactory nerve (CN1)

37
Q

how many olfactory sensors do humans have

A

~40 million

38
Q

where does the olfactory tract transmit signals in the brain

A

olfactory cortex of temporal lobe, parts of limbic system

39
Q

disorder wherein you have no sense of smell

A

anosmia

40
Q

disorder wherein you have no sense of smell

A

anosmia

41
Q

cranial nerve, leaves the back of the eye and reaches the visual cortex in the occipital lobe where APs are interpreted as visual images

A

optic nerve (CN2)

42
Q

clouding of the lens of the eye most commonly due to aging

A

cataract

43
Q

a common eye condition in which the macula of the retina deteriorates along with central vision

A

macular degeneration

44
Q

the central portion of the retina

A

macula

45
Q

a group of disorders that result in optic nerve damage, often associated with increased fluid intraocular pressure

A

glaucoma

46
Q

a group of disorders that result in optic nerve damage, often associated with increased fluid intraocular pressure

A

glaucoma

47
Q

location of CN2 relative to the eye

A

superior

48
Q

location of CN3 relative to the eye

A

inferior

49
Q

location of CN4 relative to the eye

A

medial

50
Q

location of CN5 relative to the eye

A

lateral

51
Q

cranial nerve function: supplies sensations to the face, mucous membranes, and other structures of the head. also muscles of mastication+proprioceptive fibres

A

trigeminal nerve (CN5)

52
Q

how many divisions of CN5

A

3

53
Q

which division of CN5 is the ophthalmic division

A

CN5-1

54
Q

which division of CN5 is the maxillary division

A

CN5-2

55
Q

which division of CN5 is the mandibular division

A

CN5-3

56
Q

which division of CN5 is the mandibular division

A

CN5-3

57
Q

what do all three divisions of CN5 carry, and where from?

A

sensory information from the skin of the face, mucous membranes of the nasal/oral cavities

58
Q

one of the most painful afflictions known. affecting CN5

A

trigeminal neuralgia

59
Q

cranial nerve function: muscles of facial expression, tear glands, salivary glands. taste sensation for most of the tongue

A

CN7 (facial nerve)

60
Q

a form of flaccid paralysis of CN7 that develops suddenly

A

bell’s palsy

61
Q

a form of flaccid paralysis of CN7 that develops suddenly

A

bell’s palsy

62
Q

nerve function: hearing and balance

A

CN8 (vestibulococlear nerve)

63
Q

nerve function: hearing and balance

A

CN8 (vestibulocochlear nerve)

64
Q

aka for vestibulocochlear nerve

A

acoustic/auditory nerve

65
Q

what are the two components of CN8

A

vestibular and cochlear nerves

66
Q

which component of CN8 carries impulses for equilibrium

A

vestibular nerve

67
Q

which component of CN8 carries impulses for hearing

A

cochlear nerve

68
Q

which component of CN8 carries impulses for hearing

A

cochlear nerve

69
Q

nerve function: taste, afferent limb of the gag response. motor to pharynx

A

CN9 (glossopharyngeal nerve)

70
Q

nerve function: viscera and glands of the neck, thoracic viscera, abdominal viscera. motor: organs and glands of the neck, thorax, and abdomen up to the proximal colon

A

CN10 (vagus nerve)

71
Q

cranial nerve that regulates heart rate, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and sweating

A

CN10 (vagus nerve)

72
Q

cranial nerve responsible for the motor limb of the gag reflex

A

CN10 (vagus nerve)

73
Q

cranial nerve that regulates the chemical levels in the digestive system

A

CN10 (vagus nerve)

74
Q

overactivation of this cranial nerve can cause fainting and loss of bladder control

A

CN10 (vagus nerve)

75
Q

the collection of microbes that live on and in us

A

the human microbiome

76
Q

the biochemical signaling that takes place between the GI tract and the CNS, endocrine, and immune system

A

microbiome-gut-brain axis

77
Q

cranial nerve that is motor to SCM and trapezius

A

CN11 (spinal/accessory nerve)

78
Q

cranial nerve. motor: most extrinsic tongue muscles and all intrinsic muscles of the tonuge

A

CN12 (hypoglossal nerve)

Neurology (11 decks)

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