Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LC COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY > Intro to Cognitive Psychology > Flashcards

Intro to Cognitive Psychology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what is cognitive psychology?

A

the scientific study of thought, experience, and perceptions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what approach does cognitive psychology take?

A

information-processing approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the information-processing approach involve?

A

the stimulus enters the brain and is processed serially through different modules, towards a decision and motor response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the mind viewed as?

A

a stimulus response machine, by receiving electrical signals from sensory systems to perceive information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bottom-up processing

A

directly caused by the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

top-down processing

A

influences of an individual’s mind and prior experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how are conscious experiences represented?

A

activity of many neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

evidence of neurones representing complex information

A

grandmother cells having ‘preferred’ stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rate coding

A

greater rate of neurone’s response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

temporal coding

A

greater synchrony of several neurone’s responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many neurones are approx. in the human brain?

A

80 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what percent of brain cells are neurones?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

electrophysiology measures…

A

electrical activity within brain cells by single-cell recordings
- EEG
- ERPs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

EEG measures…

A

real-time neural activity via electrodes on the scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ERPs…

A

generate average EEG waveforms to compare across psychological conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

benefits of electrophysiology

A

portable, inexpensive, and strong temporal resolution

17
Q

limitations of electrophysiology

A

poor spatial resolution

18
Q

structural imaging (MRI) measures…

A

the time taken to relax from radio frequency
- diffusion tensor imaging
- functional imaging

19
Q

diffusion tensor imaging…

A

observes water diffusion across white matter to measure cognition across brain regions

20
Q

functional imaging (fMRI)…

A

measures the blood oxygenation dependant signal between brain regions

21
Q

benefits of structural imaging

A

good spatial resolution

22
Q

limitations of structural imaging

A

poor temporal resolution, and is not a direct measure of neurones

23
Q

brain stimulation (TMS) produces…

A

magnetic fields to induce electrical activity and observe cognitive behaviour

24
Q

benefits of brain stimulation

A

non-invasive, and provides causal evidence

25
Q

limitations of brain stimulation

A

weak brain stimulation results in weak effects, and potential risk in epilepsy

26
Q

ways to study cognition

A
  1. experimental cognitive psychology
  2. cognitive neuropsychology
  3. cognitive neuroscience
27
Q

how does experimental cognitive psychology study behaviour?

A

in a controlled laboratory setting using indirect behavioural meaures

28
Q

benefits of experimental cognitive psychology

A

generates cognitive theories that contribute to neuroscience and empirical science

29
Q

limitations of experimental cognitive psychology

A

uncertain whether psychological concepts exist, and low ecological and face validity

30
Q

what does cognitive neuropsychology study?

A

patients with brain injury to discover cognitive functions following damage to particular regions

31
Q

limitations of cognitive neuropsychology

A

lack of baseline data, generalisations, and assumptions of modularity

32
Q

limitations of cognitive neuroscience

A

expensive, invasive, and emphasis on measuring effects over testing theories

33
Q

what do illusions provide evidence of?

A

perception is not veridical, as sensory systems are imperfect and idiosyncratic

34
Q

why is perception unreliable?

A

affected by top-down processing expectations, and limited cognitive processes

LC COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions