intro to cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

what percentage of body is water

A

60%

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2
Q

how many litres of intracellular fluid

A

24L

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3
Q

how many litres of extracellular fluid

A

12L

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4
Q

how many litres of extravascular fluid (interstitial)?

A

9L

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5
Q

how many litres of blood?

A

5.4L

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6
Q

what is laminar flow?

A

flow fastest in the centre, slower on the edges of vessels

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7
Q

where is the biggest pressure change in the blood vessels

A

arterioles

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8
Q

what is systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

A

systolic - when arteries are under the most pressure due to systole (pumping of blood)
diastole - least pressure as blood as passed through, between pulses

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9
Q

what is function of fibrous tissue in vessels

A

protective

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10
Q

function of smooth muscle in vessels

A

systemic level - altering blood pressure
local level - modulate local blood flow
responds to vasoconstrictors/dilators

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11
Q

elastic tissue in vessles

A

recoil effect, pressure from expansion drives blood forward, also keeps vessels sprung open

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12
Q

elastic tissue in vessels

A

recoil effect, pressure from expansion drives blood forward, also keeps vessels sprung open

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13
Q

3 types of capillaries

A

continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid

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14
Q

types of pressures in capillaries

A

hydrostatic (out) oncotic (in)

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15
Q

diastole?

A

filling - atrial valves open, blood flows into ventricles

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16
Q

systole?

A

atrial valves close, ventricles contract, blood pumped and SL valves open

17
Q

cardiac conducting system - what regulates it?

A

SAN

18
Q

cardiac output equation

A

CO=HRxSV
CO=ABP/TPR
(arterial blood pressure, total peripheral resistance)

19
Q

what may venous back pressure lead to

A

oedema