intro to cardiovascular system

Question 1

what percentage of body is water

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

how many litres of intracellular fluid

Answer 2

24L

Question 3

how many litres of extracellular fluid

Answer 3

12L

Question 4

how many litres of extravascular fluid (interstitial)?

Answer 4

9L

Question 5

how many litres of blood?

Answer 5

5.4L

Question 6

what is laminar flow?

Answer 6

flow fastest in the centre, slower on the edges of vessels

Question 7

where is the biggest pressure change in the blood vessels

Answer 7

arterioles

Question 8

what is systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

Answer 8

systolic - when arteries are under the most pressure due to systole (pumping of blood)
diastole - least pressure as blood as passed through, between pulses

Question 9

what is function of fibrous tissue in vessels

Answer 9

protective

Question 10

function of smooth muscle in vessels

Answer 10

systemic level - altering blood pressure
local level - modulate local blood flow
responds to vasoconstrictors/dilators

Question 11

elastic tissue in vessles

Answer 11

recoil effect, pressure from expansion drives blood forward, also keeps vessels sprung open

Question 12

elastic tissue in vessels

Answer 12

recoil effect, pressure from expansion drives blood forward, also keeps vessels sprung open

Question 13

3 types of capillaries

Answer 13

continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid

Question 14

types of pressures in capillaries

Answer 14

hydrostatic (out) oncotic (in)

Question 15

diastole?

Answer 15

filling - atrial valves open, blood flows into ventricles

Question 16

systole?

Answer 16

atrial valves close, ventricles contract, blood pumped and SL valves open

Question 17

cardiac conducting system - what regulates it?

Answer 17

SAN

Question 18

cardiac output equation

Answer 18

CO=HRxSV
CO=ABP/TPR
(arterial blood pressure, total peripheral resistance)

Question 19

what may venous back pressure lead to

Answer 19

oedema