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General Health and Disease (GHD) > Intro to Bacteria > Flashcards

Intro to Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of a bacterium?

A 
A single chromosome
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Cytoplasmic/inner membrane
Cell wall
Capsule
Flagellum
Fimbriae
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2
Q

Structure of gram +ve bacteria?

A

Plasma membrane
Periplasmic place
Peptidoglycan

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3
Q

Structure of gram -ve bacteria?

A

Plasma membrane
Periplasmic space
Peptidoglycan
Outer membrane (lipopolysaccaride)

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4
Q

Stain for gram +ve?

A

Purple

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5
Q

Stain for gram -ve?

A

Red

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6
Q

Molecular structure of peptidoglycan?

A

Carb polymer (NAM/NAG, beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage, corss-linked with 3/5 amino acids

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7
Q

Immune response in response to?

A

Lipopolysacarride

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8
Q

Role of a capsule?

A

Protects bacteria from phagocytosis

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9
Q

Role and example of flagellum?

A 
For motility
Monotrichous (single)
Lophotrichous (several)
Amphitrichous (both sides)
Periteichous (many, all over)
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10
Q

Role of fimbriae?

A

Adherence

Help biofilm formation

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11
Q

Role of spores?

A

Form when under stress to protect the genetic material, and conserve energy

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12
Q

Plasmids? Role and description?

A

Small collection of genetic material extrachromosomally

Can be resistance gene

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13
Q

Plasmid transfer?

A

Transduction (phage DNA)
Transfer (from surroundings)
Conjugation (pilus form to allow passage)
- F+ to F-, bind receptor, endonuc at plasmid (origin of transfer)

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14
Q

Process of gram staining?

A
  1. Heat fix sample
  2. Add crystal violet solution
  3. Add iodine sol (+ve form iodine-violet complex)
  4. Add acetone alcohol (decolourise via solvent)
  5. Add safranin (stain -ve red)
  6. Dry and observe
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15
Q

Bacterial genetics? Repro? Variation?

A

Binary fission

Spontaneous mutation and DNA transfer

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16
Q

Structure of a bacteriophage?

A 
Head
Collar
Tail
End plate
Tail fibre
17
Q

Growing bacteria?

A

Growth medium: agar and mcconkey agar

General Health and Disease (GHD) (31 decks)

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