Intro To Anatomy And Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
What is gross anatomy?
Study of organs, structures, systems and their relationships
What is the anatomical position?
Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from the body
What are the three orthogonal axis of the body?
Superior (cranial)-> inferior (caudal)
Anterior (ventral)-> posterior (dorsal)
Medial -> lateral
What are the five body planes and what do they divide?
- Sagittal - divides the body into right and left parts
- Midsagittal (median)- Sagittal plane that lies on the midline
- Coronal (frontal) - divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
- Transverse (axial) - divides the body into superior and inferior parts
- oblique section - cuts made diagonally
What is flexion (and its opposite)?
Bringing two ventral surfaces together - until you get to the knee when it is bringing two dorsal surfaces together
Opposite is extension
What is the opposite to abduction?
Adduction
What is the opposite to supination?
Pronation
What is the opposite to medial rotation?
Lateral
What is the opposite to eversion?
Inversion
What is the opposite to elevation?
Depression
What is the opposite to protraction?
Retraction
Where is axial?
Head, neck and trunk
What is appendicular?
Appendages or limbs
What do bones/ air filled cavities look like on x rays?
Bones = white
Air filled cavities = dark
Plain film X-ray vs CT?
In CT it is a section through the body and an X-ray is the thing as a whole
What is a contrast radiograph (and name three examples)?
Scan used to see soft tissue - different types for different parts of the tissue
Angiogram, colonoscopy and IVP
What are angiograms,colonoscopys and IVPs used to see?
Angiograms - arteries
IVPs - excretory system
What’s the difference between T1 and T2 weighted MRIs?
In T1, the fat is bright
In T2, fat looks grey and water shows bright
What is PET scan?
Uses radioactive substances for visualisation of metabolic processes
