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Patho > Intro Patho & Cell Changes > Flashcards

Intro Patho & Cell Changes Flashcards

1
Q

Idiopathic Etiology

A

Cause is unknown

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2
Q

Iatrogenic eitology

A

Cause from unintended or unwanted medical treatment

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3
Q

Multifactorial eitology

A

Has multiple etioligic factors that contribute to its development

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4
Q

A __ ___ means that you may get the disease. A ___ ____ is what promotes the onset of clinical manifestations

A

Risk factor

Precipitating factor

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5
Q

A ___ is a subjective feeling of abnormality in the body. A _____ is a objective or observed manifestation of disease. When there are a set of signs and so not yet determined to delineate a disease it is a ____

A

Symptom
Sign
Syndrome

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6
Q

Clinical manifestations can be

A

Local, systemic
Acute, chronic
Remissions, exacerbations

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7
Q

Local CM

A

Confined to one area

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8
Q

Systemic CM

A

Throughout the body

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9
Q

Chronic CM

A

Usually more than 6 months

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10
Q

Acute CM

A

Occurs in the first days or weeks

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11
Q

Remissions

A

Sx free periods

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12
Q

Exacerbations

A

Flare up of so

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13
Q

Goals and purpose of treatment

A

Medical, nursing, and collaboritive interventions
Eliminate and reduce cause
Eliminate and reduce CM

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14
Q

Incidence

A

New cases over a time period

How many new people diagnosed with skin cancer last year?

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15
Q

____ is the existing amount of cases over a time period

A

Prevelence

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16
Q

Tests are judged on ___ and ____

A

Reliability

Acidity

17
Q

Reliability

A

Same results when repeated

18
Q

Validity

A

Measuring what was intended

BP will not tell you patients weight

19
Q

Sensitivity

A

Correctly IDENTIFIES a condition

20
Q

Specificity

A

Correctly excludes a condition

21
Q

____ is a ___ in cell side due to a decrease in functional demand. This results in ____ ____ ____

A

Atrophy
Decrease
Reduced tissue mass

22
Q

___ is an increase in the ___ of the cell due to an increase in functional demand. This results in ___ tissue mass

A

Hypertrophic
Size
Enlarged

23
Q

____ is an increase in the ____ of cells due to an increase in functional demand and/ or increased stress. This results in ____ tissue mass

A

Hyperplasia
Number
Enlarged

24
Q

____ is undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structures. This can imply more ____ cancer

A

Anaplasia

Advanced

25
Q

___ and ___ are irreversible cellular adaptations

A

Anaplasia and neoplasms

26
Q

Etiologies of cellular injury

A 
Ischemia and hypoxia 
Free radicals 
Nutritional 
Infections and immunologic
Chemical 
Physical and mechanical
27
Q

___ ____ are electrically uncharged atoms or group of atoms that contain an unpaired electron. They are unstable and formed by _____ _____ process such as ___ ____ and attacks proteins disrupting transport channels

A

Free radicals
Oxidation/ reduction
Lipid perioxidation

28
Q

___ usually occurs as a consequence of ___ or toxic injury. It is characterized by ___ ____, spilling of contents into extra cellular fluid and ____

A

Necrosis
Ischemia
Cell rupture
Inflammation

29
Q

4 types of necrosis

A

Coagulation
Liquefactive
Fat
Caseous

30
Q

Necrosis results in

A 
Loss of function
Inflammatory response (fever)
Are a foci of infection
Release intracellular proteins (test serum levels for markers)
31
Q

____ is cellular death in a large area of tissue. It results from interruption of ___ ____ to a particular part of the body.

A

Gangrene

Blood supply

32
Q

3 types of gangrene

A

Wet
Dry
Gas

33
Q

____ ___ is a form of coagulative ____ characterized by b___, d____, w___ tissue separated by a line of ____ from healthy tissue

A 
Dry gangrene 
Necrosis 
Blackened 
Dry 
Wrinkled 
Demarcation
34
Q

_____ ___ is a form of ___ necrosis that is typically found in ___ ____ but can also be seen outwardly

A

Wet gangrene
Liquefactive
Internal organs

35
Q

___ ___ results from ___ of ____ tissue by anaerobic bacteria (clostidium) which is characterized by the formation of ___ ___ in damaged tissue

A

Gas gangrene
Infection
Necrotic
Gas bubbles

36
Q

___ occurs in response to ___ that does not directly __ the cell, but triggers intracellular ___ that activate a cell ___ response. It is not always pathogenic and does not always cause ___

A 
Apoptosis 
Injury 
Cascade 
Suicide 
Inflammation
37
Q

Pathophysiologic

A

Study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings

Study of the etiology, pathogenesis, and CM of disease

Patho (17 decks)

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