Intro. and Anatomy of Lungs, Airways and Blood Supply Flashcards
Name the functions of the respiratory system
Gas Exchange
Acid-base Balance
Protection from Infection
Communication
What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
To take deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What is ventilation
Getting air in and out of the lungs
Why is oxygen important?
Oxygen fuels our cells with energy
What is the difference in the blood in the left and right sides of the heart
Left side - oxygenated blood
Right side - deoxygenated blood
What is the pulmonary circulation?
The vessels which take CO2 to the lungs and pick up O2
Where does gas exchange occur?
At the alveoli and capillaries
What changes occur when the energy demand increases due to exercise?
Rate and depth of breathing speeds up
Oxygen acquisition increases
Waste disposal increases
What is the pharynx
Throat
What other system shares the pharynx with respiratory?
Digestive
What is the larynx?
Voicebox
What is the function of the epiglottis?
It folds over the trachea and prevents food from entering it when you swallow
Which structures make up the upper respiratory tract?
Pharynx, Nasal Cavity, Mouth and Larynx
Which structures make up the lower respiratory tract?
Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
Name the lobes of the right lung
Superior, Middle and Inferior
Name the lobes of the left lung
Superior and Inferior
Which bronchi is most likely for a foreign body to lodge in
Right - due to the width and angle of the right bronchi
What is the function of the rings of cartilage that surround the trachea
Maintain the patency of the airway
What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Diaphragm
What type of muscle surrounds the bronchioles?
Smooth
What is anatomical dead space?
The air in the upper airways which cannot participate in gas exchange
What type of epithelium is the upper respiratory tract made of?
Pseudo Stratified Columnar
What is the function of cillia?
To move the mucous up the respiratory tract
What is the function of Type 1 Pneumocytes?
Gas Exchange
What is the function of Type 2 Pneumocytes?
They produce surfactant
