Control of Ventilation Flashcards
What nerves stimulate the muscles of inspiration?
Phrenic nerve and intercostal nerves
Where is the respiratory centre found?
In the pons and medulla of the brain stem
Where do the action potentials that travel to the inspiratory muscles originate?
Dorsal Respiratory Group
What are the main modulators of the rhythm set by the respiratory centre?
Emotion, voluntary over-ride, mechano-sensory input from the thorax and the chemical composition of the blood
Which modulator of the breathing rhythm is the most significant
Chemoreceptor input
What do the central chemoreceptors in the medulla detect?
Changes in the hydrogen ion concentration caused by changing partial pressure of carbon dioxide
What do the peripheral chemoreceptors detect?
Changes in arterial partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen ion concentration
What effect do barbiturates and opiates have on the respiratory system?
They depress the respiratory system
How do most gaseous anaesthetics affect the respiratory system?
They increase respiratory rate but decrease the tidal volume so they decrease alveolar ventilation
In which patients is nitrous oxide not safe to use?
Those with a chronic lung disease
How does nitrous oxide effect the respiratory system?
It blunts peripheral response to falling arterial partial pressure of oxygen
