intro

Question 1

physical/biological anthropology

Answer 1

Scientific discipline concerned with biological and behavioral characteristics of human beings, nonhuman primates, and their ancestors
Human evolution, variation, and adaptation

Question 2

evolution

Answer 2

Change in the genetic makeup of a population from one generation to the next

Question 3

microevolution

Answer 3

genetic alterations in a species

Question 4

macroevolution

Answer 4

speciation

Question 5

culture

Answer 5

All aspects of human adaptation
Set of learned behaviors
Transmitted by non biological (nongenetic) means
Influence biological adaptations

Question 6

Cultural Relativism

Answer 6

Cultures have merits within their own historical and environmental context
Respect other cultures
Be objective
Keep an open mind

Question 7

ethnocentrism

Answer 7

Regarding other cultures as inferior

Cultural prejudice

Question 8

four field approach

Answer 8

Fields connected since they all look at culture

Anthropology is either theoretical or applied

Question 9

examples of applied anthropology

Answer 9

Cultural resource management (CRM) (archaeology)
Forensic anthropology (physical anthropology)
Applied ethnology

Question 10

cultural anthropology

Answer 10

Began as study of nonliterate cultures
Now study people everywhere including our own culture
Approaches:
Ethnography = study of a specific culture
Comparative ethnology = comparison of cultures
Cross-cultural approach
Subfields: Economic anthropology, Medical anthropology, Political anthropology, Anthropology of religion

Question 11

linguistic anthropology

Answer 11

Study of human speech and language
Origins of language
Specific languages
Types: Structural linguistics, Historical linguistics, Sociolinguistics

Question 12

archaeology

Answer 12

Study of past cultures using artifacts and other material culture
Historic archaeology
Prehistoric archaeology
With physical anthropology forms the core of paleoanthropology

Question 13

human evolution

Answer 13

paleoanthropology or primatology

Question 14

paleoanthropology

Answer 14

study of fossil remains, human evolution

Includes archaeology, geology, and osteology specialities

Question 15

primatology

Answer 15

study of biology and behavior of nonhuman primates
Anatomical similarities and differences
Ethology studies
“in the wild”
Social relationships

Question 16

human variation

Answer 16

Study of biology of human populations
Attempt to understand and measure the processes involved in adaptation and evolution
Biocultural interactions is distinguishing feature of hominids

Question 17

skeletal biology

Answer 17

Quantify measurable skeletal differences
Identify diseases and disease patterns
Forensic anthropology

Question 18

living population variation

Answer 18

Body size and proportion
Hints to health status
Anatomical structures
Mortality profiles
Physiological responses to heat, cold, humidity, etc
Adaptability and microevolution
Disease patterns