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physical anthro > correct answers 2 > Flashcards

correct answers 2 Flashcards

1
Q

(t/f) the Neanderthals’ disappearance after 30,000 BP likely was a result of their extinction

A

false

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2
Q

the group of archaic mammals that lived during the Paleocene epoch and are likely very closely related to the earliest primates are

A

plesiadapiforms

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3
Q

(t/f) the use of tools by hominins at around 2.5 mya allowed for better exploitation of a larger range of food

A

true

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4
Q

the first logical step in a sequence of events that leads to the discovery and analysis of primate fossils is the

A

selection and surveying of potential sites

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5
Q

the Laetoli site, in Tanzania, is most famous for

A

fossilized hominin foot prints

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6
Q

what do Neanderthals’ cold-adapted traits include

A

a wide nasal aperture

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7
Q

according to the text, the first hominin to migrate out of Africa was

A

Homo erectus

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8
Q

(t/f) it is now a desert, but 30 mya the Fayum region of Egypt was a wet tropical forest

A

true

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9
Q

(t/f) Homo erectus had longer legs than those of earlier hominins

A

true

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10
Q

the significance of the child’s skeleton from Lagar Velho, Portugal, is that it

A

shows Neanderthal and modern human features

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11
Q

which modern human population exhibits the greatest genetic diversity today

A

sub-Saharan Africa

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12
Q

based on the existing fossil record and the genetics of living primates, the most likely place of origin for new world monkeys is

A

Africa

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13
Q

(t/f) the punctured equilibrium theory of evolutionary changes suggests that changes accumulate gradually and predicts that many transitional fossil forms will be found

A

false

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14
Q

each of the follow traits is found in bipedal hominin EXCEPT

A

a foramen magnum far back on the skull

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15
Q

(t/f) bipedal locomotion preceded the appearance of large brains during the course of hominin evolution

A

true

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16
Q

what traits do modern humans have

A

a high vertical forehead, a round and tall skull, and small browridges

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17
Q

what is the study of what happens to an organism’s remains after death

A

taphonomy

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18
Q

which of the following hominins had a brain significantly larger than a chimpanzee’s

A

Homo erectus

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19
Q

if fossil species A is consistently recovered from geological deposits beneath layers containing fossil species B, that A is considered older than B. This relative dating technique is based on the principle of

A

superposition

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20
Q

(t/f) Homo habilis likely spent appreciable time in the trees

A

false

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21
Q

Eugène Dubois found fossils of this species in Southeast Asia (Java)

A

Homo erectus

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22
Q

which of the following statements is FALSE

A

Neanderthals brains were notably smaller than those of modern humans

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23
Q

sub-Saharan Africans show the largest genetic diversity of any human population. what is a likely cause of this?

A

the accumulations of genetic mutations over time

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24
Q

recent paleoenvironmental reconstructions suggest that the earliest members of the hominin lineage evolved in

A

woodlands along both rivers and lakes

25
Q

which of the following shows the first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture

A

Homo habilis

26
Q

The fossil nicknamed “Lucy” is a member of which species

A

Australopithecus afarensis

27
Q

fossil primates have NOT been recovered from which continent

A

Australia

28
Q

(t/f) genetic evidence supports that Denisova fossils interbred with Homo erectus

A

false

29
Q

Homo rudolfensis is most similar in overall morphology to

A

Homo habilis

30
Q

(t/f) the oldest recognizable artifacts are simple stone tools dating back to about 2.5 mya and are referred to Oldowan tools

A

true

31
Q

which of the following is NOT considered a robust australiopithecine

A

Australopithecus anamensis

32
Q

(t/f) in African during the Plio-Pleistocene, there was an adaptive radiation of small-bodied, bipedal hominins

A

true

33
Q

Evidence of tool use by Homo habilis includes

A

all of these

34
Q

fossil remains of archaic Homo sapiens

A

show a mixture of Homo erectus and H. sapiens traits

35
Q

what do the stone tool marks on the Bodo cranium indicate

A

the removal of flesh from the skull by tool-using hominins, either as a ritual or as some form of cannibalism

36
Q

during the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate

A

apes

37
Q

modern human traits including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture first show up in

A

Homo habilis

38
Q

Which model of modern human origins would predict the likely discovery of modern/archaic hybrid fossila

A

Assimilation because following migration out of Africa, moderns interbreed somewhat with local archaics

39
Q

australopithecines and Homo habilis were similar to each other in what way

A

overall body plan and body size

40
Q

according to the out-of-Africa model, the transition from archaic to modern Homo sapiens

A

occurred only once, in Africa

41
Q

relative to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by

A

all of these (a bigger brain, a rounder and larger skull, and a smaller face}

42
Q

biostratigraphic dating relies on

A

the first and last appearances of species in the fossil record

43
Q

a fossil primate with legs and arms of equal length would most likely have gotten around using which form of locomotion

A

quadrupedalism

44
Q

(t/f) archaic Homo sapiens display several primitive features found in geologically older hominins

A

true

45
Q

fossil evidence for the earliest members of the genus Homo have been found from

A

2.5-1.8 mya

46
Q

the earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record around

A

4 mya

47
Q

(t/f) given the combination of ape-like and hominin-like anatomies, Sahelanthropus tchandensis it could very well show us what the last common ancestor of humans and African apes looked like

A

true

48
Q

in examining the bones of AL-288 (“Lucy”), which trait would you NOT expect to find

A

long legs

49
Q

one of the only fossil sites in the world that preserves a great deal of evidence for anthropoid evolution during the Oligocene epochs is

A

Fayum, Egypt

50
Q

Some australopithecines are referred to as “robust” because

A

they possessed very large molar teeth and chewing muscles

51
Q

(t/f) all the early hominins from Africa older than 2.5 mya possessed small brains, the size of apes

A

true

52
Q

(t/f) fossil remains of the pre-australopithecines are found throughout most of the old world, from African to east Asia

A

false

53
Q

Australopithecus robustus’s large masticatory complex (large molars, face, and muscles) indicate and adaptation to

A

eating foods requiring heavy chewing

54
Q

if you traveled back in time to Africa about 27 mya and came across a group of early ape Proconsul feeding in a tree, what wold you NOT expect to see them doing

A

hanging by their tail

55
Q

the molecular clock has been useful to determine the phylogenetic relationships of species based on what assumption

A

a species lineage accumulates genetic differences over time at a constant rate

56
Q

Owen Lovejoy’s model for the origin of bipedalism focuses on

A

males provisioning females and young

57
Q

classic Homo erectus cranial features include all of the following EXCEPT

A

rounded skull

58
Q

specimens of _____ have been discovered at the following sites: Broken Hill, Petralona, Steinheim, Argo, and Atapuerce

A

archaic Homo sapiens

physical anthro (12 decks)

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