Intrinsic Back & Suboccipitals

Question 1

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Action

Answer 1

unilaterally: lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of head
bilaterally: extension of head and neck

Question 2

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis PA

Answer 2

nuchal ligament and SP of C7-T6

Question 3

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis DA

Answer 3

capitis: mastoid process and superior nuchal line
cervicis: TP of C1-C4

Question 4

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Innervation

Answer 4

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 5

Erector Spinae Action

Answer 5

unilaterally: lateral flexion of vertebral column to ipsilateral side
bilaterally: extension of vertebral column

Question 6

Erector Spinae PA

Answer 6

thoracolumbar fascia (attaches to posterior sacrum), iliac crest, and SP of T11-L5

Question 7

Erector Spinae DA

Answer 7

iliocostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP
longissimus: b/w rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP
spinalis: upper thoracic SP and cranium

Question 8

Erector Spinae Innervation

Answer 8

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 9

Rotatores Action

Answer 9

unilaterally: contralateral rotation of vertebral column
bilaterally: local extension of vertebral column

Question 10

Rotatores IA

Answer 10

TP of vertebrae (best at thoracic)

Question 11

Rotatores SA

Answer 11

SP of C2-L5 (span 1-2 vertebrae)

Question 12

Rotatores Innervation

Answer 12

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 13

Multifidus Action

Answer 13

unilaterally: contralateral rotation of vertebral column
bilaterally: extension of vertebral column
stabilizes vertebrae during local movements

Question 14

Multifidus IA

Answer 14

posterior sacrum, PSIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, SI ligaments, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7

Question 15

Multifidus SA

Answer 15

SP of all vertebrae (fibers pass obliquely superomedially 2-4 segments superior to IA)

Question 16

Multifidus Innervation

Answer 16

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 17

Semispinalis Action

Answer 17

extension and contralateral rotation of head, neck, and thoracic spine

Question 18

Semispinalis IA

Answer 18

TP of C4-T12

Question 19

Semispinalis SA

Answer 19

occipital bone, SP in cervical and thoracic regions (fibers run superomedially, spanning 4-6 segments)

Question 20

Semispinalis Innervation

Answer 20

dorsal rami of spinal cervical nerves

Question 21

Suboccipitals Action

Answer 21

extension of head (rectus capitis posterior major/minor, obliquus capitis superior)
ipsilateral rotation of head (rectus capitis posterior major/minor, obliques capitis inferior)
ipsilateral lateral flexion of head (obliquus capitis superior)

Question 22

Suboccipitals Innervation

Answer 22

suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus C1)

Question 23

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Attachment

Answer 23

O: SP of C2 (axis)
I: lateral inferior nuchal line

Question 24

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Attachment

Answer 24

O: posterior tubercle of C1 (atlas)
I: medial inferior nuchal line

Question 25

Obliquus Capitis Inferior Attachment

Answer 25

O: SP of C2 (axis)
I: TP of C1 (atlas)

Question 26

Obliquus Capitis Superior Attachment

Answer 26

O: TP of C1 (atlas)
I: occipital bone b/w superior and inferior nuchal lines