Intrinsic Back

Question 1

Serratus Posterior Superior O

Answer 1

nuchal ligament

spinous process C7-T3

Question 2

Serratus Posterior Superior I

Answer 2

superior borders of 2-4 ribs

Question 3

Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation

Answer 3

2nd-5th intercostal nerves

Question 4

Serratus Posterior Superior Motion

Answer 4

elevate ribs

Question 5

Serratus Posterior Inferior O

Answer 5

Spinous process of T11 - L2 vertebrae

Question 6

Serratus Posterior Inferior I

Answer 6

Inferior borders of 8th - 12th ribs near their angles

Question 7

Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation

Answer 7

9th -11th intercostal nerves

subcostal (T12) nerve

Question 8

Serratus Posterior Inferior Motion

Answer 8

depress ribs

Question 9

What makes up the erector spinae muscles?

Answer 9

Iliocostalis: lateral column
Longissimus: Intermediate column
Spinalis: medial column

Question 10

Iliocostalis O

Answer 10

Broad tendon from posterior part of the iliac crest
posterior surface of the sacrum
sacro-iliac ligament
sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes
supraspinous ligament

Question 11

Iliocostalis I

Answer 11

(lumborum, thoracis, and cervicis): fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

Question 12

Iliocostalis Innervation

Answer 12

posterior rami of spinal nerve

Question 13

Iliocostalis Motion

Answer 13

Bilaterally: extend vertebral coulmn and head
when back is flexed, controls movement by gradually lenghtening fibers

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

Question 14

Longissimus O

Answer 14

Broad tendon from posterior part of the iliac crest
posterior surface of the sacrum
sacro-iliac ligament
sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes
supraspinous ligament

Question 15

Longissimus I

Answer 15

(thoracics, cervicis, and capitis): fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions and to mastoid process of temporal bone

Question 16

Longissimus Innervation

Answer 16

posterior rami of spinal nerve

Question 17

Longissimus Movement

Answer 17

Bilaterally: extend vertebral coulmn and head
when back is flexed, controls movement by gradually lenghtening fibers

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

Question 18

Spinalis O

Answer 18

Broad tendon from posterior part of the iliac crest
posterior surface of the sacrum
sacro-iliac ligament
sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes
supraspinous ligament

Question 19

Spinalis I

Answer 19

(thoracis, cervicis, and capitis): fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region and to cranium

Question 20

Spinalis Innervation

Answer 20

posterior rami of spinal nerve

Question 21

Spinalis Motion

Answer 21

Bilaterally: extend vertebral coulmn and head
when back is flexed, controls movement by gradually lenghtening fibers

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

Question 22

Splenius Capitis O

Answer 22

Arises from nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae

Question 23

Splenius Capitis I

Answer 23

fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Question 24

Splenius Capitis Innervation

Answer 24

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 25

Splenius Capitis Motion

Answer 25

Alone: laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles Together: extend head and neck

Question 26

Splenius Cervicis O

Answer 26

Arises from nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae

Question 27

Splenius Cervicis I

Answer 27

tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4 vertebrae

Question 28

Splenius Cervicis Innervation

Answer 28

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 29

Splenius Cervicis Motion

Answer 29

Alone: laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles Together: extend head and neck

Question 30

Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis O

Answer 30

Arises from transverse processes of C4-T10 vertebrae

Question 31

Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis I

Answer 31

Fibers run superomedially to occiptal bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments

Question 32

Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis Innervation

Answer 32

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

Question 33

Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis Motion

Answer 33

Extend head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally

Question 34

Multifidus O

Answer 34

``` posterior sacrum posterior superior iliac spine of ilium aponeurosis of erectro spinae sacro-iliac ligaments mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae articular processes of C4-C7 ```

Question 35

Multifidus I

Answer 35

fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes of vertebrae located two to four segments superior to origin

Question 36

Multifidus Innervation

Answer 36

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

Question 37

Multifidus Motion

Answer 37

Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side | Stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

Question 38

Rotatores Brevis and Longus O

Answer 38

transverse processes of vertebrae | best develped in thoracic region

Question 39

Rotatores Brevis and Longus I

Answer 39

fibers run superomedially to attach to junction of lamina andtransverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately (brevis) or two segments (longus) superior to vertebra of origin

Question 40

Rotatores Brevis and Longus Innervation

Answer 40

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

Question 41

Rotatores Brevis and Longus Motion

Answer 41

May function as organs of proprioception | Possibly stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotary movements of vertebral column

Question 42

Obliquus Capitis Inferior O

Answer 42

spinous process of C2

Question 43

Obliquus Capitis Inferior I

Answer 43

transverse process of C1 vertebrae. no attachment to the cranium

Question 44

Obliquus Capitis Inferior Innervation

Answer 44

Posterior ramus C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 45

Obliquus Capitis Inferior Motion

Answer 45

** Bilateral: extends head | Unilateral: rotates head to same side

Question 46

Obliquus Capitis Superior O

Answer 46

transverse process of C1

Question 47

Obliquus Capitis Superior I

Answer 47

occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Question 48

Obliquus Capitis Superior Innervation

Answer 48

Posterior ramus C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 49

Obliquus Capitis Superior Motion

Answer 49

**Bilateral: extends head | Unilateral: tilts head to same side /rotates head to opposite side

Question 50

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major O

Answer 50

spinous process of C2

Question 51

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major I

Answer 51

lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occiptal bone

Question 52

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Innervation

Answer 52

Posterior ramus C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 53

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Motion

Answer 53

** Bilateral: extends head | Unilateral: rotates head to the same side

Question 54

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor O

Answer 54

posterior tubercle on posterior arch of C1 vertebra

Question 55

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor I

Answer 55

medial third of inferior nuchal line

Question 56

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Innervation

Answer 56

Posterior ramus C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 57

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Motion

Answer 57

**Bilateral: extends head | Unilateral: rotates head to same side

Question 58

know boundries and contents of the suboccipital triangle

Answer 58

Pg.300