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Unit 3 Micro and Immunology > Intracellular Bacteria > Flashcards

Intracellular Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are some major intracellular pathogens?

A

Neisseria, shigella, E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, rickettsial infections

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2
Q

What are some OBLIGATE Intracellular parasites?

A
  1. Rickettsial

2. Chlamydia Viruses

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3
Q

What is required to grow obligate intracellular pathogens in culture?

A

a special tissue growth media

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4
Q

What is the definition of facultative intracellular parasites?

A

they can replicate outside of a cell when they are supplied with the correct nutrients

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5
Q

What are some examples of facultative intracellular parasites?

A

Cocci, enterics, mycobacteria, bacilli, listeria, legionella, fungi

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6
Q

What is the relationship between macrophages and intracellular parasites?

A

Intracellular bacterial parasites used macrophages as trojan horses for transport to target site of infection

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7
Q

What are some examples of bacteria that use macrophages as trojan horses?

A

Salmonella (typhid fever) and M. tuberculosis

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8
Q

What is a common virulnce factor of intracellular parasites?

A

T3SS because this helps to aid in phagocytosis into target cell and then alter endosome so that the lysosome fails to fuse. Therefore it increases its entry into the cell.

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9
Q

Give examples of bacteria that use a T3SS

A

The enterics (shigella, salmonella, E. coli), legionella, Mycobacteria

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10
Q

Described a motility virulence factor of intracellular bacterial parasites.

A

Generating a actin “tail” bejind the bacteria within the cell and push through one cell into the next.

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11
Q

Give two examples of bacteria that use actin “tail” motility

A

Shigella and listeria

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12
Q

What branch of the immune system is needed to clear intracellular pathogens?

A

CMI, because these pathogens have methods of evading the humoral immune system

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13
Q

What are the major antibiotics used to treat intracellular infections?

A

Doxycycine and Azythromycin if pregnant

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14
Q

What are the lab properties if L. monocytogenes?

A

Small gram + rod, facultative anaerobe, beta hemplytic, grows in the cold

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15
Q

What type of motility does monocytogenes have?

A

tumbing motility and actin “tail”

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16
Q

How is listeria transmitted?

A

contaminated food and contact with livestock

17
Q

Who is most susceptible to listeria?

A

Children, pregnant women and immunocompromised

18
Q

Where in the body does listeria infect?

A

the gut

19
Q

Primary virulence factors of listeria?

A

actin “tail” and enhanced phagocytosis with failure of lysosome fusion

20
Q

What are the laboratory characteristics of rickettsia rickettsiae?

A

short rods that are hard to gram stain

21
Q

What is the mode of transmission for R. rickettsiae?

A

Vector (tick)

22
Q

What disease is can rickettsia cause?

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

23
Q

In RMSF, where does the bacteria replicate? And what does this lead to?

A

vasuclar endothelium, which leads to bacteremia and leaky/ lysed blood vessels

24
Q

What are the symptoms of RMSF similar to, and what is the main difference?

A

Similar to the symptoms of Lyme disease, but no lymph node involvement

25
Q

What is so interesting about Chlamydia?

A

its means of replication

26
Q

What are the two stages of the unique life cycle of chlamydia?

A

1- Elementary bodies

2- Reticulate bodies

27
Q

What are the properties of elementary bodies of Chlamydia?

A

Dense and rugged that attach to the cell and endocytose

28
Q

What are the properties of reticulate bodies of Chlamydia?

A

large and delicate

29
Q

Which is the infectious form of Chlamydia?

A

elementary bodies

30
Q

Which form of Chlamydia can make ATP?

A

reticulate bodies

31
Q

Which form of Chlamydia is targetable by the immune system?

A

reticulate bodies

32
Q

What is the major virulence factor of chlamydia?

A

T3SS

33
Q

Is Chlamydia culturable?

A

Yes, but need human cell lines to culture, not just agar plates

34
Q

How is Chlamydia treated?

A

doxycylcine or erythromycin and amoxicillan if pregnant or a child

35
Q

What is a disseminated disease that Chlamydia can cause?

A

reactive arthritis

36
Q

What is a major concern of chlamydia with infants?

A

ocular trachoma

Unit 3 Micro and Immunology (25 decks)

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