Intestines path I 1/31 Flashcards
congenital problems
atresia/stenosis=most common in duodenum,appears as string-like segment,failure to develop or in-utero vascular accident or intussception
imperforate anus=failure of cloacogenic diaphragm to rupture
hetertopia=presence of tissue the belongs elsewhere
meconium ileus
failure to pass meconium–> obstruction.
can be seen with CF
hirschsprung disease
always involves rectum with variable proximal extension
dilation of proximal innervated colon–> may rupture
associated with Down syndrome
causes of acquired megacolon
Trypanosoma Cruzi=transmitted by triatomids(kissing bug)–> destroys enteric plexus
toxic megacolon in UC=inflammation destroys muscularis propria
functional psychosomatic disorder
Lactase deficiency
diagnostic test=increased breath H due to increased bacterial fermentation in gut
pathogenesis of celiac sprue
gliadin-derived peptides interact with HLA-II molecules on cell surface which induce T-cell to cause mucosal injury
serology of celiac sprue
endomysial Ab+, tissue transglutaminase+
Associations=IDDM,Down,lymphycytic gastritis,IgA deficiency,Dermatitis herpetiformis
Increased risk of T cell lymphoma
whipple disease
trophyrema whippelii which is a G+ actinomycete
Symptoms=malabsorption,polyarthritis, hyperpigmentation, neuropsychiatric, lymphadenopathy
MQ stained with PASD+ (diastase)
MAI=mycobacterium avium intracellulare
rod shaped, PASD+, acid fast+
Abetalipoproteinemia
on a blood smear, see burr cells–> acanthocytic RBC
pseudomembrane in pseudomembranous colitis
fibrinopurulent debris–> also described as volcanic
2 types of hernia
incarcerated= contains entrapped bowel
strangulated= infarction of entrapped bowel due to obstruction of blood flow
adhesions
fibrosis between bowel loops or bowel to other structures
from surgery, IBD, endometriosis, peritonitis
