interpretation of padiatric CBC

Question 1

define blood cell count and components

Answer 1

RBC WBC and platelets. Hemoglobin to measure RBC,

Question 2

recognize the differences between adult normal values and pediatric normal values for each component of the CBC

Answer 2

newborn can be 9-30K is normal compared to adult at 5-12k. Takes 12 years to reach adult normal. 50-60% neutrophils is normal amount at birth. Lymphocytes 30% in newborns compared to 35% in adult. Hemoglobin and hematocrite higher in newborn. 14-22 in newborns compared to 13-17 in adults, hematocrite over less than 65% in venous sample.

Question 3

calculate the I:T ration

Answer 3

used to calculate the percent of band that are immature. Immature over total [band+metamyelcytes+myelocytes] over total nuetrophils+bands+metamyelocytes+myelocytes. 0-0.15 low suspicion for sepsis, .15-.2 intermediate,.2 or greater high suspicion for sepsis.

Question 4

define polycythemia list the symptoms and create a treatment plan for a newborn with this diagnosis.

Answer 4

pathologic increase in the RBC mass defined in the neonate period as a VENOUSE HCT of 65% . can lead to decreased blood flow to brain heart lungs intestines. Hyperviscosity, tremors irritability jittery lethargy apnea cynosis. Without symptoms observe, with symptoms exchange transfusion. Take blood and get ride of some of the blood and give some plasma back to them.

Question 5

define physiologic anemia of infancy and when it occurs

Answer 5

About 10-12 weeks out we have the physiologic nadir, can reach 9.5 hemoglobin, does not cause problems.

Question 6

calculate a normal MVC in children

Answer 6

most useful, 70+age in years is the bottom end of the normal MCV. 84+.6xfl per year until adult limit of 96 for upper limit.

Question 7

list three causes of thromobcytopenia in the neonate

Answer 7

alloimmune throbocytopenia caused by mom breaking down of babies platelets by mother in utero. Treat this with a transfusion of the mothers platelets. Maternal ITP mother having immune thromobocytopenia purpura transfers over to the child. If mother has antibodies to her own platelets and can be treated in mother before birth with IVIG or steroids. Thrombocytopenia can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection in the baby’s bone marrrow. Treatment of infection will help the baby as well.

Question 8

what is a band

Answer 8

an immature or unsegmented neutrophil highest in in newborn then declines. Increase in high stress and infection