bloodcomponent therapy Flashcards
why is blood component therapy preferable to whole blood therapy
it is more precise and allows for more compatible options
what are the indications for transfusing RBC
red cells for O2 capacity, not if they can be treated with EPO iron or B12 or for volume expansion to increase oncotic pressure, and you only give 1 unit at a time. And keep the heme trigger between 7-9
what is the the clinical presentation and treatment of TTP
MNRFT, microangipathic hemolytic anemia, nerurologic changes, renal impairment, fever, thrombocytopenia. Is a decreased ADAMTS-13 level cleaves vonwildabrand so it does not impede red blood cells.
what is alloimmunization and how do you prevent it
an immune response generated in an individual or strain of one species by an alloantigen from different indivicual or strain of the same species, RBC come from pregnancy or transfusion, kell kills duffy dies , and lewis lives matter.
tell me about massive transfusion
MTP, when someone is bleeding out, they activate it and give a prescribed amount of blood platelets and plasma and sent right to the bedside. When giving an MTP consider potassium toxicity especially in infants and cardiac toxicity, citrate toxicity hypo-calcemia magnesemia. Hypothermia increased Hb 02 affinity, and Coagulopathy.
what are the indication of blood derivatives
Factor 8 from plasma hemophilia A, IV albumin made from pooled plasma increase oncotic pressure, IVIG immune globulin for immune deficiencies and treatment of ITP idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Kcentra combate kcentra
what is CMV negative who needs it
fetuses LBW preemies born to a CMV negative mom, solid organ or allogeneic hematopoetic transplant pateints from CMV neg donors.
what does washed mean
neonates undergouing large volume transfusion IgA defeicent pateints with anti IgA and IgE or history of transfucion reaction, gets rid potassium so no heart problems.
what is irradiated
is to prevent TA GVHD transfusion associated graph vs host disease, used to fight it by getting ride of bone marrow, neonates immunocomprimised
what are the indications for transfusing platelet
stable patients with platelets below 10k or with impending procedure less than 50k, bleeding with less than 50k,or risk of closed spaced bleeding and less than 100k. Two types of platelet, single donor anapheresis or whole blood derived pooled platelets from 6 units, 6pack.
what are the indications for transfusing plasma
bleeding patients with INR of greater than 1.8, emergancy coumadin reversal, bleeding with dilution coagulopathy, bleeding with severe liver failure and TTP treatment
what is apheresis
take out whole blood and centrifuged and returned. Can be used to treat sickle cell acute leukemia thrombocytosis, neurological disease and TTP
