Interplay Book - Chapter 4 Flashcards
Androgynous
A person with relatively equal masculine and feminine characteristics
Attribution
term used to describe the process of attaching meaning to behavior
Confirmation bias
We tend to seek out and organize our impressions to support that opinion
Empathy
the ability to recreate another person’s perspective, to experience the world from his or her point of view
First-order realities
physically observable qualities of a thing or situation
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency to give more weight to personal qualities than to the situation when making attributions
Gender
refers to the social and psychological dimensions of masculine and feminine behavior
Halo Effect
term used to describe the tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic
Horns Effect
(also called the “devil” or “pitchfork” effect) occurs when a negative appraisal adversely influences the perceptions that follow
Interpretation
attaching meaning to sense data - plays a role in virtually every interpersonal act
Narrative
the stories we use to describe our personal worlds
Negotiation
the process by which communicators influence each other’s perceptions
Organization
arranging the selected information from the environment in a meaningful way
Perception checking
a skill that provides a better way to review your assumptions and to share your interpretation
- describe behavior
- two possible interpretations
- A request for clarification
Primacy effect
our tendency to pay more attention to, and to better recall, thing that happen first in a sequence
i.e.
primary / first
Punctuation
term used to describe the determination of causes and effects
determining the casual order of effects
i.e.
withdraw / demanding
wife: i demand because you withdraw
husband: I withdraw because you demand
Second-order realities
involve our attaching meaning to first-order things or situations
Selection
the first step in perception - determining which data we will attend to
Self-serving bias
when we perform poorly, we usually blame external forces - and when we perform well, we credit ourselves rather than the situation
Standpoint theory
a theory to describe how a person’s position in a society shapes her or his view of society in general and of specific individuals
Stereotyping
exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorizing system
