Interplay Book - Chapter 4

Question 1

Androgynous

Answer 1

A person with relatively equal masculine and feminine characteristics

Question 2

Attribution

Answer 2

term used to describe the process of attaching meaning to behavior

Question 3

Confirmation bias

Answer 3

We tend to seek out and organize our impressions to support that opinion

Question 4

Empathy

Answer 4

the ability to recreate another person’s perspective, to experience the world from his or her point of view

Question 5

First-order realities

Answer 5

physically observable qualities of a thing or situation

Question 6

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 6

The tendency to give more weight to personal qualities than to the situation when making attributions

Question 7

Gender

Answer 7

refers to the social and psychological dimensions of masculine and feminine behavior

Question 8

Halo Effect

Answer 8

term used to describe the tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic

Question 9

Horns Effect

Answer 9

(also called the “devil” or “pitchfork” effect) occurs when a negative appraisal adversely influences the perceptions that follow

Question 10

Interpretation

Answer 10

attaching meaning to sense data - plays a role in virtually every interpersonal act

Question 11

Narrative

Answer 11

the stories we use to describe our personal worlds

Question 12

Negotiation

Answer 12

the process by which communicators influence each other’s perceptions

Question 13

Organization

Answer 13

arranging the selected information from the environment in a meaningful way

Question 14

Perception checking

Answer 14

a skill that provides a better way to review your assumptions and to share your interpretation

1. describe behavior
2. two possible interpretations
3. A request for clarification

Question 15

Primacy effect

Answer 15

our tendency to pay more attention to, and to better recall, thing that happen first in a sequence

i.e.
primary / first

Question 16

Punctuation

Answer 16

term used to describe the determination of causes and effects

determining the casual order of effects

i.e.
withdraw / demanding
wife: i demand because you withdraw
husband: I withdraw because you demand

Question 17

Second-order realities

Answer 17

involve our attaching meaning to first-order things or situations

Question 18

Selection

Answer 18

the first step in perception - determining which data we will attend to

Question 19

Self-serving bias

Answer 19

when we perform poorly, we usually blame external forces - and when we perform well, we credit ourselves rather than the situation

Question 20

Standpoint theory

Answer 20

a theory to describe how a person’s position in a society shapes her or his view of society in general and of specific individuals

Question 21

Stereotyping

Answer 21

exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorizing system