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Sem 1 - Social Psychology Of Sport and Exercise > Interpersonal Communication and Conflict > Flashcards

Interpersonal Communication and Conflict Flashcards

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1
Q

What does non-verbal communication comprise of?

A 
Appearance - 1st impression
Posture
Gestures
Body Position
Touching
Facial Expression
Voice Characteristics
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2
Q

What are the types of communication?

A

Intrapersonal - internal dialogue

Interpersonal - involve at least 2 people and meaningful exchange

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3
Q

In theory, why may there be misinterpretation in communication?

A

Lots of noise from both the senders and receivers end

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4
Q

What must happen for communication to be effective?

A

Sent correctly
Interpreted correctly
Must have context

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5
Q

What comprises of listening?

A

Attending to main and support ideas presented by speaker - respond and give appropriate feedback to this

Be attentive to non-verbal cues

Often see paraphrasing - so you mean …

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6
Q

How can you supportively listen?

A 
Describe others behaviour (dont add opinion)
Focus on immediate thoughts and feelings
Dont calculate/manipulate
Open-ended q's
Empathic
Remain open to new ideas
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7
Q

Why is supportive listening important?

A

Reduces chance of misinterpretation

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8
Q

What are some of the main barriers to effective communication?

A 
Not paying attention
Evaluate/judge communication
Lack of trust
Socialisation and hereditary differences
Difference in mental state
Embarrassment
Tend to tell people what they want to hear
Silence is safer
Difficulty in expression
Inconsistency between words and actions
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9
Q

What are the two theoretical frameworks for communication?

A

Constructivism

Relational Dialects

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10
Q

Outline the key principles of constructivism

A

People make sense of the world through personal constructs that they develop through socialisation (experiences)

More social constructs they have, more advanced their ability to empathise and communicate

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11
Q

Outline the key principles of relational dialects

A

Dialect is a tension between 2 contradictory forces within a communication e.g. decision on how to train

This “tug of war” is a model for the communication in a disagreement

No steady state as forces constantly change over time

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12
Q

Define conflict (Barki & Hartwick, 2004)

A

Conflict is a dynamic process that occurs between interdependent parties as they experience NEGATIVE EMOTIONAL REACTIONS to perceived DISAGREEMENTS and as such INTERFERENCE WITH ATTAINMENT OF THEIR GOALS

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13
Q

How is communication within a sports team characterised? (Sullivan&Feltz, 2003)

A

Acceptance - consider and appreciate team mate opinions

Distinctiveness - Shared but unique identity (same goal but different opinion)

Conflict - positive (disagreement lead to discussion, problem solving and development of strategy to improve) and negative (emotional, personal and confrontational)

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14
Q

What are the types of conflict?

A

Performance - Task and Process

Relationship

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15
Q

What are the performance conflicts?

A

Task - conflict in relation to content of task e.g. strategy

Process - conflict in execution of task - e.g. bad pass

These can easily be positive conflicts

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16
Q

What are relationship conflicts?

A

Interpersonal disagreements during interactions

They are difficult to resolve and have a strong negative impact on performance
They distract individuals from the task

17
Q

What did Paradis et al. show about athlete perception of conflict?

A

It is a disagreement on one topic

Conflict is more intense, the emotional connection in conflict is much greater

18
Q

What are the key components that define conflict?

A

1 - cognitive - disagreement
2 - behavioural - interfere with goal attainment
3 - affective - negative emotion

19
Q

What is the competence based model of interpersonal conflict? See notes

A

A conflict episode results in episodic assessments by each team member. They employ conflict management strategies which will lead to interpersonal and relational outcomes. The better the conflict management strategy, the better the outcome. The outcomes feedback for future conflict, making it more or less likely depending on quality of resolution

20
Q

What is the contingency approach of conflict management?

A

Strategy to minimise dysfunction.
Must balance concern for self needs and others needs

High SN and ON - integrating approach to resolution
High SN, Low ON - Dominating approach
Low SN, high ON - Obliging approach
Low SN and ON - avoiding approach
Intermediate SN/ON - compromise
21
Q

How is communication linked with conflict?

A

Can create conflict - miscommunication

Reflects conflict - communicate differently when in conflict

Required to manage conflict - productive or destructive

22
Q

Why is conflict management key in coach athlete relationships?

A

If poorly resolved, negative predictor of commitment to one another

Use of proactive methods - increase complementarity (Rhind and Jowett)

23
Q

How can conflict be managed in a coach athlete relationship?

A

Use compass model

Proactive and reactive management strategies - best to have proactive and avoid:

  • facilitate good quality communication
  • Engage in prevention strategies - self regulation (control emotions), empathy, communicate expectations and potential problems
24
Q

What is the impact of effective instructor behaviour and avoidance of aggressive communication on athletes?

A

Increase affective learning

Positive sport experiences

25
Q

What is the role of intra-team communication on cohesion?

A

Partially explain relationship between transformational leadership and task cohesion

26
Q

How is conflict associated with cohesion?

A

Positive conflict positively associated with team cohesion

Negative conflict negatively associated with 3 factors of group cohesion

27
Q

What is relational expertise?

A

The capacity to create good connections and affect the well being of others in a positive way

28
Q

What are the components of relational expertise? (KEY WILL BE IN EXAM)

A

Engagement
Empowerment
Authenticity
Conflict and difference

29
Q

What does engagement refer to with regard to relational expertise?

A

Quality of involvement of coach and athlete

30
Q

What does empowerment refer to with regard to relational expertise?

A

Experience of feeling strengthened and encouraged

31
Q

What does authenticity refer to with regard to relational expertise?

A

Being true to ones self

32
Q

What do conflict and difference refer to with regard to relational expertise?

A

Process of expressing and working through differences

33
Q

What is the COMPASS model of conflict management by Rhind and Jowett?

A 
Conflict Management
Openness
Motivational
Preventative
Assurance
Support
Social Networks

Sem 1 - Social Psychology Of Sport and Exercise (8 decks)

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