Internet Connections Flashcards
OBJ 2.7: Compare and contrast Internet connection types, network types, and their features
What does ISP stand for?
Internet Service Provider
An ISP establishes high-speed links between their network and clients.
What is a dial-up connection?
Runs as a connection on the public switched telephone network (PSTN)
It utilizes Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS).
What is the maximum bandwidth of dial-up modems?
53.3 kb/s
Dial-up modems convert data from ones and zeros.
Define Legacy System.
Old system that is still used in some critical functions.
What does ISDN stand for?
Integrated Services Digital Network
ISDN supports multiple 64 Kbps channels.
an older technology designed to carry voice, video, or data over B
(bearer) channels
What is ADSL and its maximum download speed?
Asymmetric DSL; maximum download speed is 8 Mbps
ADSL has different speeds for download and upload.
What is the maximum upload speed of ADSL?
1.544 Mbps
Define SDSL.
Symmetric DSL; has equal speeds of download and upload.
What is VDSL and its download speed?
Very High Bit-Rate DSL; download speed is 50 Mbps or more; upload is 10 Mbps or more
What is the maximum distance for ADSL to DSLAM?
18,000 ft.
What is the maximum distance for VDSL to DSLAM?
4,000 ft.
What type of network do cable modems use?
Hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) distribution network.
What does DOCSIS stand for?
Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications.
Specific frequency ranges used for upstream and downstream
transmissions
What are the upstream frequency ranges for DOCSIS?
5 MHz to 42 MHz.
What are the downstream frequency ranges for DOCSIS?
50 MHz to 860 MHz.
What infrastructure do cable modems use to transmit and receive data?
Cable television infrastructure
What does FTTC stand for?
Fiber To The Curb.
Runs a fiber optic cable from an internet provider access point to a curb
What does FTTP stand for?
Fiber To The Premises.
Fiber optic that connects directly to a building and connects to an optical network terminal (ONT)
What is an Optical Network Terminal (ONT)?
Physical devices that convert optical signals to electrical signals.
What does āGā refer to in cellular technology?
Generation of cellular technology being used.
What is WCDMA?
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access; used by the UMTS standard.
could reach data speeds of up to 2 Mbps
What is the maximum data speed of HSPA?
Up to 14.4 Mbps.
sometimes referred to as 3.5G
What does HSPA+ stand for?
High Speed Packet Access Evolution.
Reaches speeds of up to 50 Mbps and is sometimes referred to as 3.75G
What is the maximum speed of 4G LTE?
100 Mbps.
What is the maximum speed of LTE Advanced (LTE-A)?
1 Gbps.
What frequencies does microwave communication use?
Ultra-high frequency (UHF), Super high frequency (SHF), Extremely high frequency (EHF).
What is necessary for microwave antennas?
Both antennas must maintain a line of sight.
What is a satellite connection?
A method of using communication satellites to connect a user to the Internet.
True or False: Satellite connections are fast and inexpensive.
False
Satellite connections are slow, expensive, and have high latency.
What is the typical speed of 1G?
~2.4 Kbps
What are the features of 1G technology?
Voice-only communication, no data services
What is the typical speed range for 2G?
~50 Kbps to 384 Kbps
What features does 2G technology offer?
Text messaging (SMS), basic internet with GPRS/EDGE
What is the typical speed for 3G?
~2 Mbps (initial), up to 42 Mbps with HSPA+
What features does 3G technology provide?
Mobile internet, video calling, streaming
What technologies are used in 4G?
LTE, LTE-Advanced
What is the typical speed for 4G?
~100 Mbps (basic LTE), up to 1 Gbps with LTE-Advanced
What features does 4G technology include?
High-speed internet, HD video streaming, VoLTE
What is the typical speed range for 5G?
~1 Gbps (Sub-6 GHz), up to 10 Gbps (mmWave)
What features does 5G technology offer?
Ultra-low latency, high bandwidth, massive IoT connectivity
