International Society

Question 1

Where international society came from

Answer 1

• International society is one of the main ideas of the English school.
• States form an International society
• Categories: system, society and world society
• Weber: need of conceptualization
• English school works with a different approach than the dominat American approaches

Question 2

International Society Definition, Properties, variation

Answer 2

• a group of states, conscious of certain common interest and common values forms a society in the sense that they conceive themselves to be bound by a common set of rules in their relations with one another, and share in the working of common institutions
• Membership is confines to sovereign states
• Mutual recognition
• The expansion of the international system is a story of inclusion or exclusion.

Question 3

What it means for a state to act ?

Answer 3

• States act through medium of their representitives or office holders
• State are primary members of international society but not the only members
• Historical anomalies
-Diplomatic network of the catholic church
- Qualified sovereign powers granted for non-state actors
- INGOS : give advice to institutions such as the UN, and participate in the drafting of significant multilateral treaties.

Question 4

Even though states act..

Answer 4

• Sovereign rights are often constrained for economic or security reasons
• Mutual recognition is not a sufficient condition
• Actors must have some minimal common interest such as trade, freedom of travel, or the need for stability.
• Westphalian era purposes: minimal character centered on the on the survival
• War is an example of the breakdown of the order

Question 5

Types of International Society

Answer 5

• Criticism of the tendency in English School writing to treat international society as an unchanging entity.
• institutional arrangement that restricted solely the maintenance of the order
• Not equated or harmonious, but tolerable. Better outcome than a realist could expect.

Question 6

Pluralist international society

Answer 6

• Institutional framework towards the liberty of the states and the maintenance of order among them.
• Rules complied because the fidelity is relatively costs free and the benefits are enormous.
-Diplomatic Privileges
-Representatives of states are no subject to the laws of their host country
- Provide a structure of coexistence

Question 7

Pluralist I.S

Answer 7

“ If balance of Power war essential to preserve the liberty of states, status quo powers must be prepared to intervene forcefully to check the growing power of a state that threatened the general balance.”

• Intervention is a practice that threatens to undermine the liberal code of toleration and mutual respect in the International System.

Question 8

Solidarist International Society

Answer 8

• Collective enforcement of international rules and the guardianship of human rights
• Solidarist: an extension of an international society
• Post-Cold war : normative debate inside the English school Pluralist vs solidarist.

Question 9

System in International Society

Answer 9

• System as “an arena where there was interaction between communities but bi shared rules or institutions”
• Useful to identify the current boundaries between members and those who are kept on the margins.
• Pariahs are not entirely out of the framework of the rules and institutions.
• Actors in the states system can have structures interactions with members of international society.

Question 10

World Society

Answer 10

• Refers to the shared interest and values “linking all the parts in human community”

• Entities whose moral concerns traditionally outside the International society
• Human rights
• Indigenous people claim for authority

• Emergence of International Humanitarian law
- UN chater

• Not only transnational values grounded in liberal nations of rights and justice, transnational identities can also be based on hatred and intolerance ideas.