International Regimes Flashcards
International Regimes
Implicit or explicit norms, principles, rules and decision-making procedures around which actors’ expectations converge in a given area of international relations
- Krasner
International Regimes 2
Body of rules applicable to a certain area of international relations
What int. Regimes do
- Transform single-play interactions to iterated (repeat) game
- Defection can result in retaliation
- Reduce transaction costs
- Information warehouse and sharing
- Encourage risk averse behavior
- Encourage Responsibility
Liberalism
Believes in the possibility of absolute gains. Everyone can win or gain
Contrast- Realists —-> relative gains, what you win other lossess
Liberals
John Locke - “being all equal and independent, no ought to harm another in his life”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau - “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains”
Liberals are ______
Institutionalists
( Regimes and IOs serve purposes such as reducing transaction and information costs )
Institutionalists
- Regimes and IOs serve purposes, such as reducing transaction and information costs
- IOs gain autonomy sometimes and do not act with interests of founding states
Contrast - Realists —> see IOs and Regumes as serving hegemonic power
Liberalism Roots
- Hugo Grotius - Rules could coax cooperation
- John Locke - Gov should be limited
- Adam Smith - economic self-interest could override passions that turn violent
Neo’Liberalism
Cooperation can be coaxed and supported by norms, regimes and laws
Neo’Liberals are ____
Functionalists
( Low level cooperation helps trust develop between countries )
Mitrany
Haas
Functionalism
Low level cooperation helps trust development between countries
Liberalism VS Neo’Liberalism
•Liberalism —> focuses on democracy, freedom kf thoughts, religion, etc
• Institutionalism —-> IOs serve purpose
•Neo’Liberalism —> focuses on reducing gov investments for privatization, free economy, free trade
•Functionalism —> Spillover effect
Principal-Agent Theory
States (as principals) delegate tasks and authority to international institutions (agents) within particular issue areas
IOs emerge from International Regimes
Except Antarctic Treaty System (1959)
IOs help overcome Bargaining/Negotiating issues
FPP
- Provides a forum for discussions (forum)
- Establish where the discussion should take place (Place)
- Specify who should participate (participants)
Stering-Folker IOs combat Defection / Non-Compliance via
MSCIMD
- Monitoring & Transparency (Monitoring)
- Sanctions (Sanctions)
- Reduced implementation costs (Costs)
- Financial incentives (Incentives)
- Moral persuasion (Moral)
- Disagreement management (Disagreement)
In general, Liberals see IOs as
CWSHH
- Helping states cooperate (Cooperation)
- Promoting economic prosperity & Global welfare (Welfare)
- Developing shared values and norms (Sharing)
- Helping the world become more economically interlinked (Helping)
- Helping to manage crisis (Helping)
3 Institutional Theories
- Liberal Institutionalism - Cooperation can reduce conflict and competition
- Collective Security - Peace can be reached by countries acting together to prevent one attacking another
- Critical Theory - Reject the idea that things can be fixed under the present system
Founding Threaty
Outlines IOs mission
Defines organizational architecture
Allocates functions & powers
UN Charter , EU Treaty , NATO Treaty , Articles of Agreement (IMF)
Plenary Assemblies (All IOs)
Representatives of all member states
Decisions on organizational matters
Deliberation on policy issues (all)
Binding policy decisions (some)
Fixed schedule + Extra meetings
UN General Assembly , NATO Atlantic Council , EU Council of Ministers
Administrative Staff (Most IOs)
Chief Administrative Officer ( elected by Plenary Assemby )
Staff
Logistic Support
Decision-making support
Monitoring and enforcement
Front-line policy implementation
EU Commission , UN General Secretariat , WTO Secretariat , NATO International Staff
Executive Council (Some IOs)
Representatives of a subset of the member states of the IOs
Elected by the Plenary Assembly or with Large power ( P5 in UN )
Binding policy decisions on behalf of all members
Supervision of the IOs administrative staff
UN Security Council, IMF Executive Board, International Labor Organization (ILO) Governing Body
International Courts (Some IOs)
Independent Judges ( often elected by Plenary Assembly )
Dispute Settlement
Legal Decisions
Legal Advice
International Court of Justice ( ICJ ) UN, WTO Dispute Settlement Body
Spill-over effect ( Functionalism )
Low-level cooperation turns into high-level cooperation
