Collective defense And NATO

Question 1

NATO Treaty and UN Charter similarities

Answer 1

1. Both establish International Governmental Organizations
2. High-minded language
3. Primacy of the UN in matters of international peace

Question 2

UN vs NATO

Purpose

Answer 2

UN is multi-purpose Institution
NATO is a single-purpose institution

UN concentrates issues in war and peace + also non-defense issues
NATO is focused on defense issues

UN is collective security institution
NATO is a collective defense institution

Question 3

Article 4

Answer 3

The members consult together if there is or appears to be a threat

Question 4

Article 5

Answer 4

An attack against one member is an attack against all

They commit to working together to restore security, but will stop when UN SC takes measures

Question 5

NATO 2 pronged structures

Answer 5

1. Political Structure
2. Military Structure

Question 6

Political Structure

Answer 6

• The North Atlantic Council is highest decision-making organ
+ (Article 9) only NATO body which derives its authority directly from NATO treaty
+ one state = one representative

• Meetings - usually once a week, twice a year at the ministerial level, summits at irregular intervals

• Decision rule - unanimity

Question 7

Military Structure

Answer 7

• The military leaders of the member states meet and decide how to implement the decisions of NAC

3 elemets
+ Military Committee ( defense chiefs of ms )
+ Integrated Force Structure ( actual military force )
+ Integrated Command Structure ( HQ in Belgium with 1 integrated chain of command )

Question 8

How to deal with security risks?

Answer 8

Emphasize Prevention —> Prevent potential risks turning to actual risks

Military Flexibility —> To be prepared in case risk prevention fails

Question 9

Article 2

Answer 9

HOWARD “NATO is about expanding a zone of safety where common values and cooperative institutions could prosper”

Question 10

Trust Building

Answer 10

Integrates potential sources of risk into common activities (Partnership for Peace)
—-> humanitarian aid, search and rescue, peacekeeping

• Generate Information on problems, concerns and anxieties of relevant actors

• Consensus-Building talk until voluntary agreement is reached

• Inclusion Exclude nobody

Question 11

Trade-Off between effectiveness of NATO as a risk-management organization and NATO as a defense alliance

Answer 11

• Good for risk-prevention <—-> Not good for military flexibility and credibility

• Decision difficult with 28+ heterogeneous members

Question 12

NATOs Article 5 commits each member to consider an armed attack against one member, in Europe or North America,, to be an armed attack against all members

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Article 2 of the NATO Treaty promotes institutions buildings

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Collective Defense Example

Answer 14

NATO

Question 15

Collective Security Example

Answer 15

Security Council