How Do States Become Powerful - Soft Hard Smart Power

Question 1

What is Hard Power

Answer 1

The use of coercion and payment

Question 2

What is Soft Power

Answer 2

The ability to obtain preferred outcomes through attraction

Question 3

Smart Power

Answer 3

• Combining both Soft and Hard power
• Obtained by Nye, 2003

Question 4

Contextual Intelligence

Answer 4

Intuitive diagnostic skill that helps policymakers align tactics with objectives to create smart strategies

Question 5

States in pursuit of survival can

Answer 5

1. Mobilize resources internally (direct, indirect)
   —> domestic wealth creation
2. Extract Resources Internally
   —-> taking wealth from territory
3. Extract Resources Externally (direct, indirect)
   —> accumulate resources outside country for domestic purposes
4. External Validation
   —> Enhance domestic political positions

Question 6

Potential ( Latent ) Power vs Actual Power

Answer 6

• Potential Power is based on its population and the levels of wealth

• Actual Power is Potential Power converted and used for benefit

Question 7

Capacity to Convert Latent into Actual Power

Answer 7

It’s not just energy or raw materials, but the capacity to convert those raw materials into national power

Question 8

8 drivers of National Power

EDIPEATE

Answer 8

1. Energy
2. Domestic Sociopolitical
3. international Political
4. Population
5. Economic
6. Agriculture
7. Technology
8. Environmental resources and quality

Question 9

Balancing

Answer 9

The more threatening state appears —> more states may group against it

Question 10

Bandwagoning for weak states

Answer 10

Pros —> in a conflict, they are on the winning side + they can free ride ( minimize military spending )

Cons —> they gain little status + they are still vulnerable to the strong state

Question 11

Bandwagoning for strong states

Answer 11

• Alliance partners make strong state relatively stronger

• Bandwagoning “rewards” threatening behavior

Question 12

Types if power according to Nye

Answer 12

Soft
Hard
Smart

Question 13

Morgenthau argues that diplomacy’s goal is the promotion of National Interest by

Answer 13

Peaceful means

PCT

Persuasion
Compromise
Threat of force

Question 14

What are 8 drivers of National Power

Answer 14

EDIPEATE

Energy
Domestic Sociopolitical
International Political
Population
Energy
Agriculture
Technology
Environmental resources and quality

Question 15

Ways to implement power (Nye)

Answer 15

CPA

Coercion
Payment
Attraction

Question 16

Alignment with other states agains a prevailing threat is called

Answer 16

Balancing

Question 17

Alignment with a state that is a source of danger is called

Answer 17

Bandwagoning

Question 18

States, in pursuit of survival (power/wealth) can

Answer 18

Mobilize resources internally

Extent resources internally

Extract resources externally

External validation

Question 19

According to Mearsheimer, potential power os a state is based on _____ and ______, but cannot be properly turned into actual power without conversion capacity

Answer 19

The size of its Population

Its level of wealth