Internal structures of the brain Flashcards
Where are the mamillary bodies located
ends of the anterior arches of the fornix
What are the functions of the mamillary bodies
Recollective memory
Navigation/compass
Role of cerebral peduncles
refine motor skills
Learning new motor skills
Convert proprioceptive information into balance and posture maintenance
Function of pyramids
Originate in cerebral cortex, carrying motor fibres to the spinal cord and brain stem.
Responsible for voluntary control of musculature of the face and body
Function of olives
- INferior
- Superior
inferior- Cerebellar motor learning + function
superior- aids perception of sound
What is the function of the superior colliculi
Physically redirect sensory structures of the towards stimuli of interest
What is the function of the inferior colliculi
Receives input from several peripheral brainstem nuclei in auditory pathways as well as inputs from auditory cortex
What are association fibres
Connect various cortical regions within each hemisphere
What are commissural fibres
Corresponding regions of 2 hemispheres
What are projection fibres
Connect cortex and lower parts of the brain
Which thalamic nuclei receive sensory input from the body
Ventral posterior nucleus
Lateral and medial geniculate body
What symptoms occur if there is injury to the basal ganglia
Movement changes (involuntary or slowed) Increased muscle tone tremor tics Walking difficulty
What type of projections do the basal ganglia receive from the cerebral cortex
Direct- excitatory
Indirect- inhibitory
What is the clinical significance of the tonsils
Elongation of cerebellar tonsils can lead to portion of the cerebellum to slip through foramen magnum which increases pressure on medulla which contains respiratory and cardiac control centres (life threatening)
What symptoms might be seen in response to medulloblastoma in the cerebellum
Balance problems or clumsiness Changes in thinking ability Dizziness Double vision Fatigue Headaches Vomiting Hearing loss
