Cranial nerves Flashcards
Where is the olfactory nerve located (sensory)
Under brain
Where is optic nerve (sensory)
under brain (looks like an s0
Where dies optic nerve pass through
Optic canal
What is the oculomotor nerve
Has motor and parasympathetic component
motor- controls 4 out of 6 oblique rector muscles (eye muscles)
parasympathetic- regulates sphincter pupilae (problem with this nerve may mean a dilated pupil)
What us the Trochlear nerve
motor
controls superior oblique eye muscle. Rotates the eye in and downwards
What is the trigeminal nerve
Sensory
Motor
motor component- controls muscle of mastication (damage indicates trouble with jaw movements)
sensory- sensation from face
What are the branches of the trigeminal nerve and where do they pass through
Mandibular branch (passes through foramen ovale)
Ophthalmic branch (passes through superior orbital fissure)
Maxillary branch (passes through foramen rotundum)
What is the abducens nerve and where does it originate
Motor
Regulates movement of the eye (lateral rectus muscle which is responsible from abducting eye away from midline)
Originates in abducens nucleus
Where does abducens nerve pass through and what else does it pass through with
superior orbital fissure
passes through this with optic nerve, trochlear nerve and opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve)
Which cranial nerve number is olfactory Neve
CN1
Which cranial nerve number is optic nerve
CN2
Which cranial nerve number is oculomotor nerve
CN3
Which cranial nerve number is trochlear nerve
CN4
Which cranial nerve number is trigeminal nerve
CN5
Which cranial nerve number is abducens nerve
CN6
Which cranial nerve number is facial nerve
CN7
Which cranial nerve number is vestibule-cochlear nerve
CN8
Where does facial nerve originate
Facial motor nucleus
Where does the vestibule-nuclear nerve originate
Vestibular nuclei
What is the facial nerve
Sensory
Motor
Parasympathetic
Motor- muscles in face. Problems with this nerve may mean paralysis in the face and drooling
Parasympathetic- stimulate the salivary gland (originates in salivary nucleus)
Sensory- Sense of taste (particularly anterior portion of tongue)
Where does facial nerve pass through
Internal acoustic meatus
What is the vestibulocochlear nerve
Sensory
Sensory info from ear. Damage may mean impairment to hearing and persistent head tilt
Where does the vestibulocochlear nerve pass through
Internal acoustic meatus
What cranial number is the glossopharyngeal nerve
CN9
Which cranial number isn vagus nerve
CN10
Where do the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve pass through
Jugular foramen
What is the glossopharyngeal nerve
sensory
Motor
parasympathetic
Originates from nucleus ambiguous
motor-controls movement of stylopharyngeus muscle. (If you stimulate pharynx and patient gags, then there could be damage to this nerve)
parasympathetic - originates in salivatory nucleus. Innervates the salivation glands
sensory- brings taste to the posterior aspect of the tongue
What is the vagus nerve and where does it originate
Sympathetic
motor
parasympathetic
originates nuclei ambiguous
Motor- innervates soft palate, pharynx and larynx (changes in voice could indicate damage to this)
parasympathetic- Rest and digest, slows heart rate, stimulates digestion, regulates changes in bp.
sensory- bring sensory info from muscles of larynx and pharynx to brain (particularly to solitary nucleus). Also brought to spinal trigeminal nucleus. (problems indicate changes to gag reflex)
Which cranial nerve number is hypoglossal nerve
CN12
Where does hypoglossal nerve originate
Hypoglossal nucleus
What is the hypoglossal nerve
motor nerve
goes through hypoglossal canal
Innervates muscles of the tongue. Damage to the nerve or nucleus shows ipsilateral deviation of tongue, or damage in movement of tongue, vibration of tongue or wasting away of tongue
What cranial nerve number is the accessory nerve
CN11
What is the accessory nerve
Motor nerve
Originates in accessory nucleus in medulla
Originates from spinal cord
Innervates SCM and trapezius mm. Damage indicated by having trouble moving head from side to side.
Where does the accessory nerve pass through
Jugular foramen
Which nerves pass through the jugular foramen
Glosso-pharyngeal nn
Vagus nerve
Accessory nerve
Which nerves originate from salivatory nucleus
Facial (CN7)
Glossopharyngeal (CN9)
Which nerves originate from nucleus ambiguus
Glossopharyngeal (CN9)
vagus (CN10)
Which nerves originate from vestibular nuclei
Vestibulocochlear (CN8)
Which nerves originate from cochlear nucleus
Vestibulocochlear (CN8)
Which nerves originate from solitary nucleus
all of them sensory:
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Where does the parasympathetic aspect of vagus nerve originate from
Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
Which nucleus spans the entire length of the brainstem
Trigeminal nucleus
Pneumonic for cranial nerves for if its sensory/motor/parasympathetic
Some (s) Say (s) Marry (mp) Money (m) But (sm) My (m) Brother (smp) Says (s) Big (smp) Brains (smp) Matter (m) More (m)
Pneumonic for cranial nerves
Oh (olfactory) Once (optic) One (oculomotor) Takes (trochlear) The (trigeminal) Anatomy (abducens) Final (facial) Very (vestibulocochlear) Good (glossopharyngeal) Vacations (vagus) (11) Are (accessory) (12) Heavenly (hypoglossal)
