internal factors and ethnicity Flashcards
What is labelling?
Attaching a meaning or definition to something
Which sociologists said that teachers are more likely to discipline a black child than others for the same behaviour?
Gillborn and Youdell (2000)
Explain what racialised expectations are (G+Y)
- Teachers expect black children to misbehave more so they interpret their behaviour as challenges to their authority.
- The pupils feel as if they are getting targeted and react negatively, creating more conflict.
- Black children felt teachers underestimate them and picked on them.
What do Gillborn and Youdell believe is the main reason for conflict between white teachers and black pupils?
Conflict arises out of racialised expectations rather than the child’s actual behaviour.
Which ethnic group are more likely to be unofficially suspended from school?
Black pupils (Osler - 2001); Roma pupils in 2024 (2,563 every 10,000 students)
What does Foster (2009) say about streaming?
Teacher’s stereotypes about black pupils can get them place in lower sets/streams, which can lead to a self fulfilling prophecy about underachievement.
What did Wright’s 1992 study on Asian pupils reveal about labelling?
That Asian pupils are also victims of labelling, e.g. teachers assuming that they would have a poor grasp on English and left them out of discussions
What else did Wright discover in her study?
That the teachers saw Asian pupils as a threat but something that they could ignore - felt marginalised and prevented them from participating in class.
What were Archer ‘s (2008) three pupil identities?
- Ideal pupil - white, middle-class, masculinised and had a “normal” sexuality (heteronormative) and was naturally gifted.
- The pathologised pupil - Asian, the ‘deserving poor’ feminine identity and either asexual/oppressed sexuality. Conformist over-achiever who succeeds through hard work and not natural ability.
- The demonised identity - black or white working-class, working-class, hypersexual sexuality; an unintelligent culturally deprived underachiever.
What does Archer (2010) and Shain (2003) say about Asian girls?
(Archer) Teachers stereotyped them as docile, quiet or passive , (Shain) and if they challenge this stereotype by misbehaving they are dealt with more severely than other students.
What does Archer identify about ethnic minority success?
It will only be seen as an overachievement as proper achievement is reserved to white middle-class pupils.
What is the negative, positive stereotype?
Archer and Francis - Chinese students achieved success the wrong way through hard work rather than natural ability - they could never be recognised as the white ideal pupil.
Describe Fuller’s 1984 study of year 11 black girls.
- She found that the girls had rejected the negative labelling put onto them by teachers and used it to work harder to prove them wrong. Succeeded in school
- They didn’t try to gain the approval of teachers, just relied on their efforts and focused on exams.
- They still managed to be friends with girls in lower sets and with black boys who adopted an anti-school attitude.
What did Fuller’s study reveal?
That people can reject negative labelling and that the self-fulfilling prophecy doesn’t have to be fulfilled.
How did Mac an Ghaill’s 1992 study support Fuller’s?
The black and Asian A-level students rejective the negative labelling and succeeded in school.
The gender and ethnic makeup of the school affected their responses e.g. some girls felt that going to an all-girls secondary helped them overcome negative labelling due to them gaining a greater academic commitment from it.
