intermolecular forces and shapes

Question 1

4 bonding pairs

Answer 1

tetrahedral 109.5

Question 2

3 bonding 1 lone

Answer 2

pyramidal 107

Question 3

2 bonding 2 lone

Answer 3

non linear 104.5

Question 4

2 bonding

Answer 4

linear 180

Question 5

3 bonding

Answer 5

trigonal planer 120

Question 6

8 bonding

Answer 6

octahedral 90

Question 7

what is electronegativity

Answer 7

the attraction between a bonded atom and the pair of electrons shared

Question 8

how does this trend in the table

Answer 8

up = up
right = up

Question 9

what is a polar bond

Answer 9

when the bonded pair of electrons are shared unevenly resulting naturally delta positive and delta negative areas

Question 10

why are polar molecules soluble?

Answer 10

The delta + and - areas on the molecule are able to be surrounded by the corresponding water areas

Question 11

Induced dipole dipole (London forces)

Answer 11

electrons are constantly moving around all atoms, this generated temporary delta +/- areas on all atoms, this is called a temporary dipole. At any instant a dipole exists but it is constantly shifting.

This dipole induces the orientation of other dipoles on neighboring atoms In a molecule

Then molecules dipoles lineup and this causes attraction between them

Question 12

What affects the strength of London forces

Answer 12

Length of a molecule, number of electrons ,

Question 13

simple molecular substances

Answer 13

Covalently bonded molecules such as co2 exist in simple molecular latices where they are only held together by weak London forces

Question 14

Which molecules have London forces

Answer 14

all

Question 15

Why do simple molecular have low melt/boil

Answer 15

Easy to overcome the weak intermolecular London foces

Question 16

Perm dipole interactions

Answer 16

when 2 polar molecules delta positive and negatives attract each other, the electrostatic attraction between two polar molecules

Question 17

which molecules have perm dipoles

Answer 17

polar ones

Question 18

What is hydrogen bonding

Answer 18

perm dipole involving hydrogen bonded to florine oxygen or nitrogen

chlorine doesn’t show this a ti is too big ;)

Question 19

Why does ice float

Answer 19

hydrogen binds between water molecules hold water in an open lattice structure which is less dense that water

Question 20

order of strength of imf

Answer 20

hydrogen, perm, London