Intelligence Testing Flashcards
intelligence
the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Charles Spearman’s General Intelligence (g)
Underlines all mental abilities, measured by every task on an intelligence test
savant syndrome
have an island of brilliance but often score low on intelligence tests
factor analysis
Identifies clusters of related items (factors) on a test, used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlines a person’s total score
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
Identified 8 (now 9) relatively independent intelligences, including verbal and mathematical aptitudes assessed by standard tests
gardner’s 8 intelligences
Logical-mathematical
Verbal-linguistic
Interpersonal
Body-kinesthetic
musical
visual-spatial
Intrapersonal
naturalistic
grit
passion and perserverence in the pursuit of long term goals
emotional intelligence
ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions
Standardization
Comparison of score (frame of reference)
- Starts with giving many sample pretests to many people before the test is actually administered as an official test
Reliability
Stability over time
- If you take a test and get a very high score, then retake and get a low score the test is not reliable
- Higher the correlation, higher the reliability
Validity
Accuracy
- Just because a test is reliable doesn’t mean it is valid
- Test measures what is was intended to measure (or predict)
Content validity
What if the ap exam only asked about neural validity? Then it would have low content validity
Construct validity
Similar to operationalization. How can the abstract idea of intelligence be translated into something that can be measured?
Criterion validity
Does it correlate to an outside measure. If the test score says a person is a genius, but they routinely use the wrong end of a fork, maybe the test does not have criterion validity
Predictive validity
How well a test predicts future performance. However, this only works for large sets and data and can only predict a trend. Standarrdized tests do not have predictive validity for individuals
achievement test
exam covering what you have learned
aptitude test
exam determining an individual’s skill
sternberg’s 3 intelligences
analytical, creative, practical
emotional intelligence
the ability to perceive, understand, manage,
and use emotions
reliability
extent to which a test yields consistent results
intelligence test
method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
crystallized intelligence
our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
fluid intelligence
our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially during late adulthood
Longitudinal studies
follow and retest the same people over time.
