intellectual and physical disability and access to healthcare

Question 2

what is a physical disability?

Answer 2

-total or partial loss of a persons bodily functions e.g walking, gross motor skills, bladder control etc
-total or partial loss of a part of the body eg person with amputation
-usually life long and can happen at any age

Question 3

what are examples of life long physical disabilities?

Answer 3

• amputation
  -arthritis
  -cerebral palsy
  -multiple sclerosis
  -muscular dystrophy
  -acquired spinal injury

Question 4

what is intellectual disability?

Answer 4

-impairments of general mental abilities that impact adaptive functioning assessed by 3 domains - conceptual, social and practical
-conceptual - limitations in skills eg reading, writing, maths etc
-social - communication skills, limitations in empathy
-practical - personal care, job responsibilities, money management etc

Question 5

what age must the intellectual impairments arise?

Answer 5

before the age of 18

Question 6

what are examples of prenatal / environmental causes of intellectual disability?

Answer 6

-obstetric complications
-foetral alcohol syndrome
-drugs and toxins
-eclampsia
-birth complications

Question 7

what are examples of post natal causes of intellectual disability?

Answer 7

-infections eg meningitis
-brain tumours
-head injury
-hypoxia

Question 8

what are examples of primary health conditions associated with condition for intellectual disability?

Answer 8

-epilepsy
-hearing problems
-visual problems
-mental health disorders
-mobility problems

Question 9

what is stigma?

Answer 9

a mark separating individuals from one another based on a socially conferred judgement that some persons or groups are tainted and less than

Question 10

what is a discreditable vs a discrediting stigma?

Answer 10

-discreditable - not known by the world at large
-discrediting - condition that is envious and visible to others

Question 11

what is an enacted stigma?

Answer 11

a stigma that refers to actual discrimination or negative behaviours directed towards people with a disability

Question 12

what is a felt stigma?

Answer 12

-an individuals expectations of negative reactions
-involves the persons subjective experience of shame, guilt etc as the person may internalise the stereotypes and negative judgement