integumentary system

Question 1

integumentary system

Answer 1

organ system consisting of hair, skin, nails, and exocrine glands.

Question 2

function

Answer 2

act as a barrier to protect body from outside world.

Question 3

skin

Answer 3

used to protect the body from chemicals, UV rays, disease, and physical damage

Question 4

hair and nails

Answer 4

extend from the skin to help protect it from environmental damage.

Question 5

exocrine glands

Answer 5

produce sweat, oil, and wax, to cool, protect, and moisturize the skins surface.

Question 6

epidermis

Answer 6

most superficial layer of skin that covers almost the entire body. receive all nutrients from dermis.

Question 7

epidermis cells

Answer 7

keratinocytes: develop from stem cells and begin to produce the protein keratin

Question 8

keratin

Answer 8

makes the keratinocytes tough, scaly, and water resistant.

Question 9

dermis

Answer 9

deep layer of skin found under epidermis. gives skin strength and elasticity. made of dense irregular connective tissue, blood vessels, blood, and nervous tissue.

Question 10

2 regions

Answer 10

papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 11

papillary layer

Answer 11

contains many finger-like extensions called dermal papillae that protrude superficially towards the epidermis

Question 12

reticular layer

Answer 12

made of dense irregular connective tissue that contains many tough collagen and stretchy elastin fibers running in all directions to provide strength and elasticity to the skin

Question 13

hypodermis

Answer 13

Deep to the dermis is a layer of loose connective tissues known as the hypodermis, subcutis, or subcutaneous tissue. serves as the flexible connection between the skin and the underlying muscles and bones as well as a fat storage area

Question 14

hair

Answer 14

The few hairless parts of the body include the palmar surface of the hands, plantar surface of the feet, lips, labia minora, and glans penis.helps to protect the body from UV radiation by preventing sunlight from striking the skin. Hair also insulates the body by trapping warm air around the skin

Question 15

3 distinct layers of hair cells

Answer 15

cuticle, cortex, and medulla

Question 16

cuticle

Answer 16

outermost layer made of keratinocytes.

Question 17

cortex

Answer 17

form the majority of the hairs width

Question 18

medulla

Answer 18

not present in all hair cells. when present hair contains highly pigmented cells full of keratin, when absent, cortex runs through rest of hair.

Question 19

Sudoriferous Glands

Answer 19

exocrine glands found in the dermis of the skin and commonly known as sweat glands

Question 20

2 types

Answer 20

eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands

Question 21

eccrine sweat glands

Answer 21

found in almost every region of the skin and produce a secretion of water and sodium chloride, delivered via a duct to the surface of the skin and is used to lower the body’s temperature through evaporative cooling

Question 22

apocrine sweat glands

Answer 22

found in mainly in the axillary and pubic regions of the body, Apocrine sweat glands are inactive until puberty, at which point they produce a thick, oily liquid that is consumed by bacteria living on the skin. The digestion of apocrine sweat by bacteria produces body odor

Question 23

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 23

exocrine glands found in the dermis of the skin that produce an oily secretion known as sebum. found in every party of the body except thick skin of the hands and feet.

Question 24

sebum

Answer 24

acts to waterproof and increase elasticity of skin. lubricates and protects cuticles of hair

Question 25

Ceruminous Glands

Answer 25

found only in the dermis of the ear canals. Ceruminous glands produce a waxy secretion known as cerumen to protect the ear canals and lubricate the eardrum.

Question 26

thermoregulation

Answer 26

when the body becomes too warm, sweat is produced by sebaceous glands. The evaporation of water on the skin creates a cooling effect on the skin. Blood vessels can also dilate when the body is warm. If the body is too cold, blood vessels constrict so that less blood is carried to the skin surface.