gastrointestinal

Question 1

duodenum

Answer 1

Chyme is neutralized by bicarbonate in pancreatic secretions. Receives alkaline bile juices from gall bladder which helps neutralize acid chyme.

Question 2

chemical digestion of proteins

Answer 2

initiated in the stomach by the action of the enzyme pepsin, which is activated by acid and autocatalysis.

Question 3

3 main secretions of stomach

Answer 3

pepsinogen (chief cells), mucus (goblet cells), hydrochloric acid (parietal cells)

Question 4

chyme

Answer 4

following digestion in the stomach, they pass through the pylori sphincter into the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine.

Question 5

villi and microvilli

Answer 5

absorb polar digested nutrients into blood lipids into lacteals as chylomicrons, and vitamin B12.

Question 6

from small intestine

Answer 6

blood carrying nutrients passes to the liver through the hepatic portal duct, allowing liver enzymes to dominate amino acids, convert ammonia to urea, metabolize consumed toxins, and store glucose as glycogen.

Question 7

gastrointestinal tract

Answer 7

tube that extends from the mouth to the anus

Question 8

hollow portion of gastro

Answer 8

lumen

Question 9

layer in middle

Answer 9

muscular layer

Question 10

last layer

Answer 10

epithelial layer

Question 11

layers jobs

Answer 11

maintaining mucosal integrity of the tract

Question 12

3 main functions

Answer 12

transportation, digestion, absorption of food

Question 13

gastro accessory organs

Answer 13

liver, pancreas, gallbladder

Question 14

mouth functions

Answer 14

break down food into smaller parts

Question 15

esophagus

Answer 15

tube that allows passage of food from mouth to stomach

Question 16

stomach

Answer 16

store, churn, and puree food into what is known as chime

Question 17

small intestine

Answer 17

composed of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Question 18

small intestine function

Answer 18

absorption of vitamins and nutrients (electrolytes, iron, carbs, proteins, and fats)

Question 19

large intestine

Answer 19

water absorption

Question 20

gallbladder

Answer 20

pear shaped, sac like organ attached to the liver. Used as a storage for bile.

Question 21

liver

Answer 21

filter spot for blood to travel through. destroys debris and unwanted organisms.

Question 22

pancreas

Answer 22

endocrine and exocrine gland. Digestive in nature and involves secretion.

Question 23

digestive enzymes

Answer 23

released or secreted by organs of digestive systems

Question 24

proteases

Answer 24

digest proteins

Question 25

nucleases

Answer 25

digest nucleic acids

Question 26

enzymes

Answer 26

speed up chemical reactions that break down large food molecules into smaller molecules.