Integumentary System Flashcards
4 types of cells found in skin?
Keratinocytes Melanocytes Langerhans cells Merkel cells
Main cells of the skin- connected to each other via desmosomes
keratinocytes
type of secretion of eccrine & apocrine sweat glands?
maracrine- release through exocytosis into lumen, which leads to duct, which goes to surface
where are blood vessels of skin found?
in dermis (dense CT)
epidermis is derived from ___ & dermis is derived from ___
ectoderm mesoderm
type of skin?

thin skin
Oval structure that looks like cut onion. Deep in reticular dermis. Concentric rings of Schwann cells. Detects coarse touch.
Pacinian corpuscle
Layer?

Stratum granulosum
As keratinocytes move toward surface, pH becomes…
more acidic (desmosomes break down, cells slough off)
2 types of sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
eccrine & apocrine
these glands are important in thermoregulation- they dissipate heat, cool blood
eccrine
glands found everywhere EXCEPT thick skin. branched acinar cells, holocrine secretion, produce serum that softens skin
sebaceous (oil) glands
Identify.

Hair follicle
how is secretion of apocrine gland different from secretion of eccrine gland?
apocrine secretion is more thick, protein rich- results in body odor
what is largest organ in the body?
skin
Deepest layer of skin? (Both thin & thick)
stratum basale
mechanism of secretion for sebaceous glands?
holocrine- cell gets larger until it ruptures, cell dies with secretion
Shape of melanocytes?
rounded cell bodies with irregular cytoplasmic extensions
superficial layer of dermis? deep layer of dermis?
papillary layer reticular layer
glands confined to skin of axilla & peritoneal regions, develop in response to sex hormones, very large lumen, secrete onto hair follicle that then leads to surface
apocrine
superficial layer of skin? deep layer of skin?
epidermis dermis
layers of thick skin?
Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum
Identify.

Tonofibrils
elongates keratinized structures derived from invaginations of epithelium (only associated with thin skin)
hair follicles
Thin transparent layer of skin- can’t see edges of cells. No nuclei or granules.
stratum lucidum
Where are Langerhans cells found?
stratum spinosum
Identify.

nail
Cells undergoing mitosis are found in this skin layer
stratum basale
pigment producing cells of the skin
melanocytes
Shape of cells found in stratum basale?
cuboidal
Layer?

stratum corneum
Identify.

Sudiferous (sweat) glands
Detect light touch- contain elliptical sensory receptors. Found in dermal papillae
Meissner corpuscles
Layer?

stratum lucidum
Flattened “cortified” cells with no nucleus where cells are sloughing off
stratum corneum
Cells that protect nucleus of keratinocytes from sunlight?
melanocytes
Epidermal stem cells, melanocytes, and Merkel cells are all found in this skin layer
stratum basale
Granules of stratum granulosum contain…
keratohyaline
Cell Type?

Melanocyte
Keratins bind together to form these intermediate filaments which terminate at desmosomes
tonofibrils
antigen presenting cells of the skin
Langerhans cells
found in dermis- connected to hair follicles, made up of smooth muscle tissue that connects hair follicle to dermal papillary layer, causes hair shafts to pull/stand up on end
arrector pili muscles
hair is present in which type of skin?
thin skin
Tactile epithelial cells important for sensory reception of touch?
Merkel cells
what is integumentary system comprised of?
skin hair nails sweat glands oil glands
Identify both.

Eccrine sweat gland (left)
Apocrine sweat gland (right)
layer deep to the skin
hypodermis (aka subcutaneous layer)
When stained with H&E, stratum lucidum stains very…
pink
layers of thin skin?
Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum corneum
Cell Type?

Merkel cell
layer that is present in thick skin but not thin skin?
stratum lucidum
Most superficial layer of skin? (Both thin & thick)
stratum corneum
Identify.

Apocrine sweat gland
Identify 1-2.

- Papillary layer of dermis
- Reticular layer of dermis
flexible plates of keratin
nail
Thin skin has __ layers while thick skin has __ layers
4 5
Identify.

Sebacious (oil) gland
Oval-shaped cells containing lipids are found in this layer to make skin waterproof
stratum granulosum
What type of filament is keratin?
intermediate filament
Layer?

stratum corneum
type of skin?

thick skin
Layer?

stratum granulosum
Name the layers.

- Papillary Layer of dermis
- Reticular Layer of dermis
sweat glands whose ducts lead all the way to surface, most numerous on soles of feet, coiled appearance of duct (so cross-section is a circle)
eccrine
functions of integumentary system
Protection Sensation Temperature regulation Metabolic Waste elimination
Cell Type?

Langerhans cells
where is thick skin found?
palms of hands, soles of feet, areas of abrasion
Identify.

Meissner corpuscles.
Identify.

Pacinian Corpuscles
Where are Merkel cells found?
stratum basale
epidermis epithelium is…
keratinized stratified squamous
Type of tissue in papillary layer? In reticular layer?
aerolar CT dense irregular CT
Layer of skin where cells have shrunk a little, are flattened. Has spikey appearance
stratum spinosum
Keratohyaline granules stain very…
basophilic