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Undeleted > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

clusters/nests near sinusoids contain ___

clusters/nests away from sinusoids contain ___

A

RBC & megakaryocytes

granulocytes

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2
Q

associated with allergic reactions, release histaminase

also associated with helminthic & protozoan infections, chronic inflammation

A

eosinophils

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3
Q

produced by liver & plasma cells, help attack viruses/bacteria & transport iron, lipids, and vitamins

ie antibodies

A

globulins

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3
Q

how many oxygen molecules bind per hemoglobin protein?

A

4

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3
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Basophil

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4
Q

CLPs give rise to ___ cells, and migrate from bone marrow to ___ or ____ where they differentiate.

A

lymphoid

thymus or lymphoid tissue (lymph nodes)

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5
Q

Identify cell type.

narrow rim of cytoplasm around edges, very dark nucleus that takes up most of the cell

A

Lymphocyte

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5
Q

what is function of hematopoeisis?

A

to maintain constant level of different cell types in blood

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6
Q

Identify cell type.

small faint lavender granules, dark nucleus with several lobes, larger than RBC

A

Neutrophil

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6
Q

these cells stain same color as RBC (acidophilic)

A

eosinophils

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7
Q

these cells come out of blood stream, work in tissues for defense and repair of injured tissue

A

leukocytes (WBC)

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7
Q

Identify.

A

sinusoids

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8
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Eosinophil

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8
Q

theory that all blood cells arise from a single type of pluripotent stem cell known as a hempatopoietic stem cell

A

Monophyletic Theory

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10
Q

this cell contains no nucleus, its main function is transportation of respiratory gases

A

erythrocyte (RBC)

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10
Q

associated with allergic reactions releasing histamine & other vasoactive agents, hypersensitivity

A

basophils

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10
Q

these cells undergo successive endomitoses to form megakaryocytes.

A

megakaryoblasts

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11
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Neutrophil

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12
Q

Identify cell type.

large coarse basophilic granules, light nucleus with 2 lobes

A

Basophil

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13
Q

T cells travel to ___ to complete differentiation.

B cells mature in the ____.

NK cells mature in the ____.

A

thymus

bone marrow

bone marrow

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14
Q

formed elements of blood all arise via…

A

hemopoietic stem cells

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14
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Monocyte

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15
Q

shape of erythrocyte?

diameter?

A

biconcave disc

7.8 micrometers

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15
Q

progenitor cells develop into ____ or ____ cells, which mark the beginning of morphologic differentiation

A

precursor, blast

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16
Q

cell fragments in blood, main function is for clotting

A

platelets (thrombocytes)

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16
Q

Identify cell type.

A

erythrocyte

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18
Q

Each heme group on hemoglobin molecule contains…

A

1 iron atom

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19
Q

do not contain specific granules, nuclei are rounded or indented, also contain azurophilic granules

A

mononuclear agranulocytes

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19
Q

3 granulocytes are ___, ___, ____

2 agranulocytes are ___, ___

A

granulocytes = “phils” (basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil)

agranulocytes = “cytes” (lymphocyte, monocyte)

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20
Q

main protein of blood- produced in liver, regulates vascular osmotic pressure (correct amount of water in blood)

A

albumin

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21
Q

Order of leukocytes in order from most numerous in blood stream to least numerous?

A

“Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas”

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Eosinophils

Basophils

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22
Q

only true cell in blood, main function is protection

A

leukocytes (WBC)

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22
Q

Identify cell type.

large coarse acidophilic granules, light nucleus with 2 lobes

A

Eosinophil

23
Q

Identify cell type.

A

neutrophil

24
Q

at what stage is a cell committed to becoming a RBC?

A

at the blast stage (proerythroblast)

25
Q

where does hematopoeisis occur in fetus?

where does it occur after birth?

A

yolk sac (1st trimester), liver (2nd trimester), bone marrow (3rd trimester)

red bone marrow

27
Q

produced by liver, important for clotting

A

fibrinogen

28
Q

where are RBC produced?

A

red bone marrow

28
Q

What helps regulate hematopoiesis?

A

hormones & colony stimulating factors (CSFs)

30
Q

when blood is centrifuged, ___ sits on top & ___ sinks to bottom. These two layers are separated by ____.

A

plasma

hematocrit (RBC)

buffy coat (WBC & platelets)

31
Q

Identify where hematopoesis is occuring in graph at 1, 2, 3.

A

1- yolk sac

2- liver

3- bone marrow

33
Q

watery ECM that dissolves blood components

A

plasma

33
Q

Identify cell type.

A

basophil

33
Q

Identify cell type.

A

megakaryocytes

34
Q

mature cells exhibit no ____ activity

A

mitotic

35
Q

most numerous cell in blood

A

erythrocytes (RBC)

36
Q

2 classes of leukocytes

A

polymorphic granulocytes

mononuclear agranulocytes

37
Q

Identify cell type.

A

eosinophil.

38
Q

produce and circulate antibodies

A

B lymphocytes

39
Q

Identify 1-4.

A
  1. platelet
  2. white blood cell
  3. red blood cell
  4. plasma
40
Q

In bone marrow, these consist of developing blood cells, macrophages, mast cells, adipose cells

A

hemopoietic cords

42
Q

Identify cell type.

gray “foamy” texture of cytoplasm, dark nucleus that is off-center, kidney or horseshoe-shaped

A

Monocyte

44
Q

life span of erythrocyte?

A

120 days

46
Q

best display to see all cell types in peripheral blood- put drop on a slide, pull it across to get monolayer of cells

A

blood smear

47
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Lymphocyte

48
Q

plasma is composed of 92% __, 7% ___ and 1% __ by weight.

A

water

proteins

solutes

49
Q

extensions into sinusoids that penetrate the epithelium and pinch off to form platelets

A

proplatelets

51
Q

immunoregulation, chronic inflammation- associated with immune system

A

lymphocytes

52
Q

CMPs give rise to ___ cells, and develop in the ___

A

myeloid

bone marrow

54
Q

pus is actually an accumulation of these dead cells

A

neutrophils

56
Q

hemoglobin is composed of…

A

4 globin polypeptide chains, 4 heme groups

57
Q

functions of blood

A

distribution- delivery of oxygen & nutrients regulation- thermoregulation, buffering protection- coagulation, protect from pathogens

59
Q

includes methylene blue & azures which are basic, and eoisin which is acidic- helps stain blood smear

A

Wright’s Stain

60
Q

general description of how RBC matures?

A

1st has lots of RER- bag of hemoglobin, very basophilic

then becomes eosinophilic- stains pink

last stage, nucleus gets kicked out

62
Q

3 types of lymphocytes?

A

B lymphocytes

T lymphocytes

Natural Killer cells

63
Q

transform into macrophages, precursors to phagocytic cells of body (ie osteoclasts), 2nd on scene

A

monocytes

64
Q

these cells promote blood clotting and help repair minor tears or leaks in walls of blood vessels

A

thrombocytes (platelets)

65
Q

what cell is unique to the neutrophil pathway?

A

band cell

67
Q

where does oxygen bind in hemoglobin?

A

to iron atom

69
Q

main component of erythrocyte

A

hemoglobin

70
Q

Identify cell type

A

Monocyte

71
Q

Identify cell type.

A

Lymphocyte

72
Q

life span of platelet?

A

5-10 days

74
Q

active phagocytes of bacteria, responsible for acute inflammation, 1st on scene

A

neutrophils

74
Q

involved in cell-mediated immunity

A

T Lymphocytes

75
Q

what cells are platelets derived from?

A

megakaryocytes

77
Q

as you age, ___ marrow converts to ___ marrow

A

red

yellow

78
Q

contain specific granules & nuclei have 2 or more lobes, also contain azurophilic granules

A

polymorphonuclear granulocytes

79
Q

these are the support cells in bone marrow, stimulate differentiation of progenitor cells

A

adventitial/ reticular cells

80
Q

2 major cell lineages that can come from HSC (hemopoietic stem cell)?

A

CMP or CLP

81
Q

kill certain virus-infected cells and some types of tumor cells

A

natural killer cells

82
Q

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are all ___.

lymphocytes & monocytes are both ____.

A

polymorphonuclear granulocytes

mononuclear agranulocytes

Undeleted (13 decks)

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