Integumentary System

Question 1

organ covering the body; made up of layers (also called cutaneous membrane)

Answer 1

skin

Question 2

outer layer of skin; protects the body from the external environment

Answer 2

epidermis

Question 3

scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornified, layer of the epidermis. Also, the primary component of the hair and nails

Answer 3

keratin

Question 4

dark pigment produced by melanocytes; amount present determines skin color

Answer 4

melanin

Question 5

compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers

Answer 5

hair

Question 6

horny plates made from flattened epithelial cells; found on the dorsal surface of the ends of the fingers and toes

Answer 6

nails

Question 7

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

Answer 7

sebaceous glands

Question 8

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat (also called sweat glands)

Answer 8

sudoriferous glands

Question 9

inner layer of skin; responsible for its flexibility and mechanical strength

Answer 9

dermis

Question 10

layer between the dermis and the underlying tissues and organs; contains adipose tissue (fat), connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels (also called subcutaneous layer)

Answer 10

hypodermis

Question 11

cutane/o; derm/o; dermat/o

Answer 11

skin

Question 12

hidr/o

Answer 12

sweat

Question 13

kerat/o

Answer 13

horny tissue; hard

Question 14

onych/o; ungu/o

Answer 14

nail

Question 15

seb/o

Answer 15

sebum

Question 16

trich/o

Answer 16

hair

Question 17

aden/o

Answer 17

gland

Question 18

crypt/o

Answer 18

hidden

Question 19

erythr/o

Answer 19

red

Question 20

leuk/o

Answer 20

white

Question 21

myc/o

Answer 21

fungus

Question 22

pachy/o

Answer 22

thick

Question 23

rhytid/o

Answer 23

wrinkles

Question 24

scler/o

Answer 24

hard

Question 25

staphyl/o

Answer 25

grapelike clusters

Question 26

strept/o

Answer 26

twisted chains

Question 27

xanth/o

Answer 27

yellow

Question 28

xer/o

Answer 28

dry; dryness

Question 29

epi-

Answer 29

on, upon, over

Question 30

hyper-

Answer 30

above

Question 31

hypo-

Answer 31

below

Question 32

intra-

Answer 32

within

Question 33

para

Answer 33

besides, beyond, around, abnormal

Question 34

sub-

Answer 34

under/below

Question 35

trans-

Answer 35

through, across, beyond

Question 36

-al; -ic; -ous

Answer 36

pertaining to

Question 37

-coccus

Answer 37

berry shaped

Question 38

-ectomy

Answer 38

excision, surgical removal

Question 39

-genic

Answer 39

producing, originating, causing

Question 40

-ia

Answer 40

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

Question 41

-itis

Answer 41

inflammation

Question 42

-logist

Answer 42

one who studies and treats

Question 43

-logy

Answer 43

study of

Question 44

-malacia

Answer 44

softening

Question 45

-oma

Answer 45

tumor/swelling

Question 46

-osis

Answer 46

abnormal condition

Question 47

-phagia

Answer 47

eating/swallowing

Question 48

-plasty

Answer 48

surgical repair

Question 49

-rrhea

Answer 49

flow/discharge

Question 50

inflammation of the skin

Answer 50

dermatitis

Question 51

fibrous tumor of the skin

Answer 51

dermatofibroma

Question 52

inflammation of a sweat gland

Answer 52

hidradenitis

Question 53

abnormal condition (growth) of horny tissue (keratin)

Answer 53

keratosis

Question 54

abnormal condition of a hidden nail (also called ingrown nail)

Answer 54

onychocryptosis

Question 55

softening of the nails

Answer 55

onychomalacia

Question 56

abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails

Answer 56

onychomycosis

Question 57

eating the nails (nail biting)

Answer 57

onychophagia

Question 58

thickening of the skin

Answer 58

pachyderma

Question 59

diseased state around the nail (Note: the a from para- has been dropped.)

Answer 59

paronychia

Question 60

hard skin (chronic hardening or induration of the connective tissue of the skin and other organs)

Answer 60

scleroderma

Question 61

discharge of sebum (excessive)

Answer 61

seborrhea

Question 62

yellow tumor (benign, primarily in the skin)

Answer 62

xanthoma

Question 63

dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)

Answer 63

xeroderma

Question 64

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

Answer 64

abrasion

Question 65

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

Answer 65

acne

Question 66

precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma.

Answer 66

actinic keratosis

Question 67

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment (melanin) in the skin, hair, and eyes

Answer 67

albinism

Question 68

malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer; it seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue and may recur in the same location. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.

Answer 68

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

Question 69

infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans. Candida is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidiasis is often seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Answer 69

candidiasis

Question 70

infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils (furuncles, see below) caused by staphylococcal bacteria

Answer 70

carbuncle

Question 71

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling

Answer 71

cellulitis

Question 72

injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called a bruise)

Answer 72

contusion

Question 73

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

Answer 73

eczema

Question 74

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

Answer 74

fissure

Question 75

painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called a boil)

Answer 75

furuncle

Question 76

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (a form of necrosis)

Answer 76

gangrene

Question 77

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. Herpes simplex virus type 1, for example, causes fever blisters; herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus.

Answer 77

herpes

Question 78

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

Answer 78

impetigo

Question 79

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently seen with AIDS

Answer 79

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 80

overgrowth of scar tissue

Answer 80

keloid

Question 81

torn, ragged-edged wound

Answer 81

laceration

Question 82

highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, runny nose, cough, and a spreading skin rash. It is a potentially disastrous disease which can lead to pneumonia, severe bleeding, brain infections (which may cause seizures, developmental delay or chronic brain disease), and sometimes lead to death. Measles is a significant cause of death, despite the availability of a safe, effective vaccine.

Answer 82

measles

Question 83

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics. It can produce skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia, which can be fatal if not treated. MRSA is quite common in hospitals and long-term care facilities but is increasingly emerging as an important infection in the general population.

Answer 83

MRSA infection

Question 84

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

Answer 84

pediculosis

Question 85

abnormal pocket in the skin that contains hair and skin debris. It is frequently located near the tailbone, at the top of the cleft of the buttocks. If it becomes infected, it can be severely painful and may require surgery.

Answer 85

pilonidal cyst

Question 86

damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients; the injury, which may be painful, can present as intact skin or an open ulcer (also called pressure ulcer and bedsore; formerly called decubitus ulcer)

Answer 86

pressure injury

Question 87

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

Answer 87

psoriasis

Question 88

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years

Answer 88

rosacea

Question 89

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching

Answer 89

scabies

Question 90

malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis; it invades local tissue and may metastasize. While most commonly appearing on the skin, SCC can occur in other parts of the body including the mouth, lips, and genitals. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight.

Answer 90

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 91

chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. Italso may affect other organs.

Answer 91

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Question 92

fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. Infections are classified by body regions such as tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), and tinea pedis (foot). Tinea in general is also called ringworm, and tinea pedis specifically is also called athlete’s foot

Answer 92

tinea

Question 93

itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying sizes and shapes. Urticaria is sometimes associated with infections and with allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents. Other causes include internal disease, physical stimuli, and genetic disorders. (also called hives)

Answer 93

urticaria

Question 94

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes

Answer 94

vitiligo

Question 95

surgical repair of the skin

Answer 95

dermatoplasty

Question 96

excision of wrinkles (also called facelift)

Answer 96

rhytidectomy

Question 97

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery)

Answer 97

cauterization

Question 98

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen

Answer 98

cryosurgery

Question 99

removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound

Answer 99

debridement

Question 100

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper

Answer 100

dermabrasion

Question 101

removal by cutting

Answer 101

excision

Question 102

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument

Answer 102

incision

Question 103

surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity

Answer 103

incision and drainage

Question 104

procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue

Answer 104

laser surgery

Question 105

technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of a skin cancer

Answer 105

Mohs surgery

Question 106

skin transplanted to replace a lost portion of the body skin surface; it may be a full-thickness or split-thickness graft.

Answer 106

skin graft

Question 107

to stitch edges of a wound surgically

Answer 107

suturing

Question 108

red skin (abnormal redness of the skin)

Answer 108

erythroderma

Question 109

abnormal condition of excessive hair (growth) (also called hirsutism)

Answer 109

hypertrichosis

Question 110

white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)

Answer 110

leukoderma

Question 111

yellow skin

Answer 111

xanthoderma

Question 112

abnormal condition of dryness (of skin, eye, or mouth)

Answer 112

xerosis

Question 113

physician who studies and treats skin (diseases)

Answer 113

dermatologist

Question 114

study of the skin (branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases)

Answer 114

dermatology

Question 115

pertaining to the skin

Answer 115

cutaneous

Question 116

pertain to skin

Answer 116

epidermal

Question 117

pertain to under skin

Answer 117

hypodermic

Question 118

pertaining to within the skin

Answer 118

intradermal

Question 119

producing horny tissue

Answer 119

keratogenic

Question 120

pertaining to through the skin

Answer 120

percutaneous

Question 121

pertaining to under skin

Answer 121

subcutaneous

Question 122

pertaining to under nail

Answer 122

subungual

Question 123

pertaining to through the skin

Answer 123

transdermal

Question 124

pertaining to the nail

Answer 124

ungual

Question 125

berry-shaped (bacterium) in grapelike clusters (these bacteria cause many skin diseases)

Answer 125

staphylococcus

Question 126

berry-shaped (bacterium) in twisted chains

Answer 126

streptococcus

Question 127

localized collection of pus, bacteria, and other material; can occur in the skin (cutaneous abscess) or other locations within the body (internal abscess)

Answer 127

abscess

Question 128

loss of hair; there are multiple types with various causes, including androgenic, areata, and traction.

Answer 128

alopecia

Question 129

closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material; can occur in the skin (cutaneous cyst) or other locations within the body

Answer 129

cyst

Question 130

sweating

Answer 130

diaphoresis

Question 131

large (greater than 1 cm), flat, blue-purple lesion caused by escape of blood into deeper areas of the skin, as may occur when blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from an arm vein

Answer 131

ecchymosis

Question 132

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

Answer 132

edema

Question 133

abnormal hard spot(s) or area of skin; may include underlying tissue

Answer 133

induration

Question 134

condition characterized by a yellow coloring of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera (whites of the eyes) caused by the presence of bile (also called icterus)

Answer 134

jaundice

Question 135

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. It is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors.

Answer 135

lesions

Question 136

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membranes, which may be precancerous

Answer 136

leukoplakia

Question 137

flat, colored spot on the skin

Answer 137

macule

Question 138

circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is referred to as a birthmark. (also called a mole)

Answer 138

nevus

Question 139

small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch

Answer 139

nodule

Question 140

paleness

Answer 140

pallor

Question 141

small, solid skin elevation

Answer 141

papule

Question 142

tiny (0.3 cm or smaller), pinpoint, bright red lesions that result from escape of blood into the skin and mucous membranes.

Answer 142

petechiae

Question 143

itching

Answer 143

pruritus

Question 144

small (between 0.3 cm and 1 cm), reddish purple-lesions caused by escape of blood into skin and mucus membranes

Answer 144

purpura

Question 145

elevation of skin containing pus

Answer 145

pustule

Question 146

erosion of skin or mucous membrane

Answer 146

ulcer

Question 147

circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (also called wart)

Answer 147

verruca

Question 148

small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (also called blister)

Answer 148

vesicle

Question 149

transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria (hive) lesion

Answer 149

wheal

Question 150

BCC

Answer 150

basal cell carcinoma

Question 151

CA-MRSA

Answer 151

community associated MRSA infection

Question 152

HA-MRSA

Answer 152

healthcare associated MRSA infection

Question 153

MRSA

Answer 153

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

Question 154

SCC

Answer 154

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 155

SLE

Answer 155

systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 156

FTSG

Answer 156

full thickness skin graft

Question 157

I&D

Answer 157

incision and drainage

Question 158

STSG

Answer 158

split thickness skin graft

Question 159

derm

Answer 159

dermatology

Question 160

ID

Answer 160

intradermal

Question 161

subcut

Answer 161

subcutaneous injection

Question 162

TD

Answer 162

transdermal

Question 163

staph

Answer 163

staphylococcus

Question 164

strep

Answer 164

streptococcus