Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
organ covering the body; made up of layers (also called cutaneous membrane)
A
skin
2
Q
outer layer of skin; protects the body from the external environment
A
epidermis
3
Q
scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornified, layer of the epidermis. Also, the primary component of the hair and nails
A
keratin
4
Q
dark pigment produced by melanocytes; amount present determines skin color
A
melanin
5
Q
compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers
A
hair
6
Q
horny plates made from flattened epithelial cells; found on the dorsal surface of the ends of the fingers and toes
A
nails
7
Q
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
A
sebaceous glands
8
Q
tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat (also called sweat glands)
A
sudoriferous glands
9
Q
inner layer of skin; responsible for its flexibility and mechanical strength
A
dermis
10
Q
layer between the dermis and the underlying tissues and organs; contains adipose tissue (fat), connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels (also called subcutaneous layer)
A
hypodermis
11
Q
cutane/o; derm/o; dermat/o
A
skin
12
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
13
Q
kerat/o
A
horny tissue; hard
14
Q
onych/o; ungu/o
A
nail
15
Q
seb/o
A
sebum
16
Q
trich/o
A
hair
17
Q
aden/o
A
gland
18
Q
crypt/o
A
hidden
19
Q
erythr/o
A
red
20
Q
leuk/o
A
white
21
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
22
Q
pachy/o
A
thick
23
Q
rhytid/o
A
wrinkles
24
Q
scler/o
A
hard
25
staphyl/o
grapelike clusters
26
strept/o
twisted chains
27
xanth/o
yellow
28
xer/o
dry; dryness
29
epi-
on, upon, over
30
hyper-
above
31
hypo-
below
32
intra-
within
33
para
besides, beyond, around, abnormal
34
sub-
under/below
35
trans-
through, across, beyond
36
-al; -ic; -ous
pertaining to
37
-coccus
berry shaped
38
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
39
-genic
producing, originating, causing
40
-ia
diseased or abnormal state, condition of
41
-itis
inflammation
42
-logist
one who studies and treats
43
-logy
study of
44
-malacia
softening
45
-oma
tumor/swelling
46
-osis
abnormal condition
47
-phagia
eating/swallowing
48
-plasty
surgical repair
49
-rrhea
flow/discharge
50
inflammation of the skin
dermatitis
51
fibrous tumor of the skin
dermatofibroma
52
inflammation of a sweat gland
hidradenitis
53
abnormal condition (growth) of horny tissue (keratin)
keratosis
54
abnormal condition of a hidden nail (also called ingrown nail)
onychocryptosis
55
softening of the nails
onychomalacia
56
abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails
onychomycosis
57
eating the nails (nail biting)
onychophagia
58
thickening of the skin
pachyderma
59
diseased state around the nail (Note: the a from para- has been dropped.)
paronychia
60
hard skin (chronic hardening or induration of the connective tissue of the skin and other organs)
scleroderma
61
discharge of sebum (excessive)
seborrhea
62
yellow tumor (benign, primarily in the skin)
xanthoma
63
dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)
xeroderma
64
scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury
abrasion
65
inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
acne
66
precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma.
actinic keratosis
67
congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment (melanin) in the skin, hair, and eyes
albinism
68
malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer; it seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue and may recur in the same location. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.
basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
69
infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans. Candida is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidiasis is often seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
candidiasis
70
infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils (furuncles, see below) caused by staphylococcal bacteria
carbuncle
71
inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling
cellulitis
72
injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called a bruise)
contusion
73
noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
eczema
74
slit or cracklike sore in the skin
fissure
75
painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called a boil)
furuncle
76
death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (a form of necrosis)
gangrene
77
inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. Herpes simplex virus type 1, for example, causes fever blisters; herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus.
herpes
78
superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci
impetigo
79
cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently seen with AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
80
overgrowth of scar tissue
keloid
81
torn, ragged-edged wound
laceration
82
highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, runny nose, cough, and a spreading skin rash. It is a potentially disastrous disease which can lead to pneumonia, severe bleeding, brain infections (which may cause seizures, developmental delay or chronic brain disease), and sometimes lead to death. Measles is a significant cause of death, despite the availability of a safe, effective vaccine.
measles
83
invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics. It can produce skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia, which can be fatal if not treated. MRSA is quite common in hospitals and long-term care facilities but is increasingly emerging as an important infection in the general population.
MRSA infection
84
invasion into the skin and hair by lice
pediculosis
85
abnormal pocket in the skin that contains hair and skin debris. It is frequently located near the tailbone, at the top of the cleft of the buttocks. If it becomes infected, it can be severely painful and may require surgery.
pilonidal cyst
86
damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients; the injury, which may be painful, can present as intact skin or an open ulcer (also called pressure ulcer and bedsore; formerly called decubitus ulcer)
pressure injury
87
chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales
psoriasis
88
chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years
rosacea
89
skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching
scabies
90
malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis; it invades local tissue and may metastasize. While most commonly appearing on the skin, SCC can occur in other parts of the body including the mouth, lips, and genitals. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight.
squamous cell carcinoma
91
chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It also may affect other organs.
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
92
fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. Infections are classified by body regions such as tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), and tinea pedis (foot). Tinea in general is also called ringworm, and tinea pedis specifically is also called athlete’s foot
tinea
93
itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying sizes and shapes. Urticaria is sometimes associated with infections and with allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents. Other causes include internal disease, physical stimuli, and genetic disorders. (also called hives)
urticaria
94
white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes
vitiligo
95
surgical repair of the skin
dermatoplasty
96
excision of wrinkles (also called facelift)
rhytidectomy
97
destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery)
cauterization
98
destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen
cryosurgery
99
removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound
debridement
100
procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper
dermabrasion
101
removal by cutting
excision
102
surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument
incision
103
surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity
incision and drainage
104
procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue
laser surgery
105
technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of a skin cancer
Mohs surgery
106
skin transplanted to replace a lost portion of the body skin surface; it may be a full-thickness or split-thickness graft.
skin graft
107
to stitch edges of a wound surgically
suturing
108
red skin (abnormal redness of the skin)
erythroderma
109
abnormal condition of excessive hair (growth) (also called hirsutism)
hypertrichosis
110
white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)
leukoderma
111
yellow skin
xanthoderma
112
abnormal condition of dryness (of skin, eye, or mouth)
xerosis
113
physician who studies and treats skin (diseases)
dermatologist
114
study of the skin (branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases)
dermatology
115
pertaining to the skin
cutaneous
116
pertain to skin
epidermal
117
pertain to under skin
hypodermic
118
pertaining to within the skin
intradermal
119
producing horny tissue
keratogenic
120
pertaining to through the skin
percutaneous
121
pertaining to under skin
subcutaneous
122
pertaining to under nail
subungual
123
pertaining to through the skin
transdermal
124
pertaining to the nail
ungual
125
berry-shaped (bacterium) in grapelike clusters (these bacteria cause many skin diseases)
staphylococcus
126
berry-shaped (bacterium) in twisted chains
streptococcus
127
localized collection of pus, bacteria, and other material; can occur in the skin (cutaneous abscess) or other locations within the body (internal abscess)
abscess
128
loss of hair; there are multiple types with various causes, including androgenic, areata, and traction.
alopecia
129
closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material; can occur in the skin (cutaneous cyst) or other locations within the body
cyst
130
sweating
diaphoresis
131
large (greater than 1 cm), flat, blue-purple lesion caused by escape of blood into deeper areas of the skin, as may occur when blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from an arm vein
ecchymosis
132
puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid
edema
133
abnormal hard spot(s) or area of skin; may include underlying tissue
induration
134
condition characterized by a yellow coloring of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera (whites of the eyes) caused by the presence of bile (also called icterus)
jaundice
135
any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. It is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors.
lesions
136
condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membranes, which may be precancerous
leukoplakia
137
flat, colored spot on the skin
macule
138
circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is referred to as a birthmark. (also called a mole)
nevus
139
small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch
nodule
140
paleness
pallor
141
small, solid skin elevation
papule
142
tiny (0.3 cm or smaller), pinpoint, bright red lesions that result from escape of blood into the skin and mucous membranes.
petechiae
143
itching
pruritus
144
small (between 0.3 cm and 1 cm), reddish purple-lesions caused by escape of blood into skin and mucus membranes
purpura
145
elevation of skin containing pus
pustule
146
erosion of skin or mucous membrane
ulcer
147
circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (also called wart)
verruca
148
small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (also called blister)
vesicle
149
transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria (hive) lesion
wheal
150
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
151
CA-MRSA
community associated MRSA infection
152
HA-MRSA
healthcare associated MRSA infection
153
MRSA
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
154
SCC
squamous cell carcinoma
155
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
156
FTSG
full thickness skin graft
157
I&D
incision and drainage
158
STSG
split thickness skin graft
159
derm
dermatology
160
ID
intradermal
161
subcut
subcutaneous injection
162
TD
transdermal
163
staph
staphylococcus
164
strep
streptococcus
