Integumentary System

Question 1

Main organs of the Integumentary system

Answer 1

Skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands

Question 2

Function #1

Answer 2

Your skin protects your organs and keeps bacteria outside of the body

Question 3

Function #2

Answer 3

The skin has receptors that let the body sense touch are located in the top layers of the skin - the dermis and epidermis.

Question 4

Function #3

Answer 4

prevents water loss and regulates body temperature

Question 5

Function #4

Answer 5

Your body makes vitamin D from being out in the sun

Question 6

Skin

Answer 6

Protects your body from the outside elements and is the most superficial organ of a human

Question 7

Epidermis

Answer 7

The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.

Question 8

Dermis

Answer 8

The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands

Question 9

Hypodermis

Answer 9

The hypodermis is the subcutaneous layer lying below the dermis; it consists largely of fat. It provides the main structural support for the skin, as well as insulating the body from cold and aiding shock absorption.

Question 10

Keratin

Answer 10

A type of protein found on epithelial cells, which line the inside and outside surfaces of the body. Keratins help form the tissues of the hair, nails, and the outer layer of the skin.

Question 11

Keratinocyte

Answer 11

As the most dominant cell type constituting the epidermis, keratinocytes play multiple roles essential for skin repair.

Question 12

Stratum basale

Answer 12

This layer contains column-shaped basal cells that are constantly dividing and being pushed toward the surface.

Question 13

Stratum spinosum

Answer 13

The stratum spinosum is partly responsible for the skin’s strength and flexibility.

Question 14

Stratum granulosum

Answer 14

Help to form a waterproof barrier that functions to prevent fluid loss from the body.

Question 15

Stratum lucidum

Answer 15

The stratum lucidum is responsible for the capability of the skin to stretch. It also contains a protein that is responsible for the degeneration of skin cells

Question 16

Stratum corneum

Answer 16

Most superficial of the layers and prevents unwanted materials from entering, and excessive loss of water from exiting the body.

Question 17

From superficial to deep

Answer 17

Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, Stratum basale

Question 18

Thick skin

Answer 18

Thick skin is thicker due to it containing an extra layer in the epidermis, called the stratum lucidum. Found only on hands and soles of feet

Question 19

Thin skin

Answer 19

Thin skin also contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. Found almost everywhere on the body

Question 20

Hair

Answer 20

Hair helps to keep body warm

Question 21

Hair follicle

Answer 21

A hair follicle anchors each hair into the skin. The hair bulb forms the base of the hair follicle

Question 22

Hair shaft

Answer 22

The primary purpose for this is to trap a layer of air to add insulation.

Question 23

Hair root

Answer 23

The root of the hair is made up of protein cells and is nourished by blood from nearby blood vessels. As more cells are created, the hair grows out of the skin and reaches the surface

Question 24

Free edge

Answer 24

Free edge of the nail that seals the nail plate to the tip of the finger. This acts as a seal to prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering the finger.

Question 25

Lunula

Answer 25

The lunula has a primary structural role in defining the free edge of the distal nail plate.

Question 26

Cuticle

Answer 26

The cuticle function is to protect new nails from bacteria when they grow out from the nail root.

Question 27

Nail Root

Answer 27

It produces most of the volume of the nail and the nail bed.

Question 28

Pores

Answer 28

Pores serve an important function. They allow sweat and oil to escape through your skin, cooling you off and keeping your skin healthy while getting rid of toxins.

Question 29

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Answer 29

The apocrine sweat glands, associated with the presence of hair in human beings (as on the scalp, the armpit, and the genital region), continuously secrete a concentrated fatty sweat into the gland tube.

Question 30

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Answer 30

Eccrine sweat glands help to maintain homoeostasis, primarily by stabilizing body temperature.

Question 31

Squamous skin cancer

Answer 31

Sun exposure over time mixed with genetics. Lots of UV ray exposure can cause cancer.

Question 32

Melanoma

Answer 32

Is a skin cancer that forms in melanocytes that make melanin. Causes discoloration of skin. Can cause sores that don’t heal, redness, and swelling.

Question 33

Eczema

Answer 33

Skin condition makes your skin red, itchy, and flaky. There is no known cure but there is prevention for it.

Question 34

Acne

Answer 34

Occurs when oils and dead skin become blocked under your skin. Clean skin, and moistures. Pimples are symptoms of acne.

Question 35

1st degree burn

Answer 35

Burns that affect the epidermis and are the last serious of all burns. Symptoms are peeling skin, dry skin, or swelling.

Question 36

2nd degree burn

Answer 36

Is when a burn affects the first and second layer. Does not reach the hypodermic and they cause blisters and most painful burn.

Question 37

3rd degree burn

Answer 37

Affect epidermis and dermis, nerves are dead

Question 38

4th degree burn

Answer 38

Is the worse of all burns and they burn to the muscle and sometimes to the bone. All nerve endings are destroyed

Question 39

Stretch marks

Answer 39

Happen when skin stretches or shrinks to rapidly

Question 40

Callus

Answer 40

Is a small area of thickened skin that forms as a result of repetitive friction, pressure or irritation. Symptoms are tender feeling and rough skin.

Question 41

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 41

Basal cell carcinoma begins in the basal cells.A type of cell within the skin that produces new skin cells as old ones die off. Basal cell carcinoma often appears as a slightly transparent bump on the skin, though it can take other forms.