Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Arteries
Blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
Blood vessels
Channels that carry blood throughout your body
Capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems
Deoxygenated
Deoxygenated is defined as oxygen has been removed
Heart
Heart is a fist-sized organ that pumps blood throughout your body and is primary organ of your circulatory system
Oxygen
Oxygen helps organisms grow, reproduce, and turn food into energy
Oxygenated
Addition of oxygen to any chemical or physical system, including the human body
Pulmonary circulation
Vast network of arteries, veins, and lymphatics that function to exchange blood and other tissue fluids between the heart, the lungs, and back
Systemic circulation
Provides the functional blood supply to all body tissue. It carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells and picks up carbon dioxide and waste products
Veins
Veins are blood vessels in humans, and most other animals that carry blood towards the heart
Size of heart
The heart weighs between 7 and 15 ounces (200 to 425 grams) a little larger than the size of your fist
How many chambers does the heart have
The heart has 4 chambers
Location of heart
Midsagittal
Apex
The apex is the pointed tip of the heart. It is located on the lower portion of the heart (left ventricle)
Endocardium
The endocardium consists of a single layer of endothelial cells lining the chambers of the heart.
Myocardium
The myocardium is the muscular wall of the heart, or the heart muscle. It contracts to pump blood out of the heart and then relaxes as the heart refills with returning blood.
Pericardium
The pericardium is a membrane, or sac, that surrounds your heart. It holds the heart in place and helps it work properly
Atria
The upper two heart chambers are called atria. Atria are separated by an interatrial septum into the left atrium and the right atrium. Atria receive blood returning to the heart from the body and
Ventricles
The lower two chambers of the heart are called ventricles. Ventricles pump blood from the heart to the body.
Tricuspid valve
The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart. It separates the upper and lower chambers, also known as the right atrium and ventricle. The valve allows deoxygenated blood to flow through both of the chambers
Pulmonary valve
Opens to allow blood to be pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs (through the pulmonary artery) where it will receive oxygen
Mitral valve
The mitral valve is a valve that lets blood flow from one chamber of the heart, the left atrium, to another called the left ventricle
Aortic valve
The aortic valve—the main outflow valve for the left heart—is the valve between the heart and the body. The aortic valve opens when the left ventricle squeezes to pump out blood, and closes in between heart beats to keep blood from going backward into the heart
