Integumentary System Flashcards
Protection
The skin protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature such as, wind, water, and UV sunlight
Sensory Function
The skin acts as a sense organ. The epidermis, dermis, and the hydrodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain.
Thermoregulation
Helps regulate body temperature through its tight association with the sympathetic nervous system, involves the flight or fight response.
Vitamin D Synthesis
In the presence of sunlight, a form of vitamin D3 called cholecalciferol is synthesized in the skin.
Keratinocyte
A cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin
Keratin
Intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties
Thin skin
stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum
thick skin
Only found on the palms of hands and the soles of the feet
Three main skin layers
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis
Stratum Corneum
The layer exposed to outside movement
Stratum Lucidum
Smooth, seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis. Only found on palms, soles, and digits
Stratum Granulosum
Grainy appearance, the cells become flatter, their cell membranes thicken,
Hair
A keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis
Hair Follicle
Strands of hair originate in an epidermal penetration of the dermis
Hair Shaft
Part of the hair not anchored to the follicle, and much of this is exposed at the skin’s surface.
Hair Root
The rest of the hair, which is anchored in the follicle, and lies bellow the surface of the skin
Free Edge
Part of nail that extends past the flesh of finger or toe
Lunula
A crescent shape is formed where a thick layer of epithelium lays.
Eponychium (cuticle)
The nail fold that meets the proximal end of the of the nail body
Nail Root
The nail body forms here, has a matrix of keratinocytes
Pores
A minute opening in a surface, especially the skin or integument or an organism, through which gases, liquids, or microscopic particles can pass
Eccrine
A type of gland that produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation
Apocrine
Associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Cancer that forms in your basal cells. You can get it from sun exposure, Forms in deep layer of epidermis.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Found on your epidermis, caused from being exposed from UV light and genetics. Can be treated with surgery
Melanoma
Skin cancer that forms in melanocytes that make melanin. Can be treated by immunotherapy and targeted drugs. Looks like sores, redness, and swelling.
Eczema
Skin condition where your skin becomes red, dry, and itchy, Is genetic, can be treated with medical creams or ointments.
Acne
Pores of skin becomes blocked with oil, dead skin, or bacteria. Can be treated by double cleansing, spot treatment, light moisturizer, etc..
1st Degree Burns
Affect the epidermis, caused by sunburns, scalding, and electrical burns, symptoms are peeling skin, redness, swelling, treatments are aloe Vera, moisturizer, cool water.
2nd Degree Burns
Affects the epidermis and dermis, causes blistering, redness
4th Degree Burns
Go through both layers of skin and deep tissue. No feeling since the nerve ending are destroyed, bandage or cloth can help heal and protect it.
Stretch Marks
Type of scar that occurs when the skin stretches or shrinks quickly. Can fade as time goes on
Callus
Small area of thickened skin that forms from repetitive friction, pressure or irritation. pain or tenderness under the skin. Can be treated by soaking are in warm water with a pumice store.
