Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Blood Vessels
a tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a vein, artery, or capillary.
Capillaries
Tiny vessels that branch off from arteries to deliver blood to all body tissues.
Deoxygenated
body → right chambers of the heart → lung
Heart
A muscular pump that forces blood around the body.
Oxygen
a colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air.
Oxygenated
lung → left chambers of the heart → body
Pulmonary circulation
between the heart and lungs, transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen, and then back to the heart.
Systemic circulation
carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and cells, and then back to the heart.
Veins
Vessels that bring blood back to the heart.
Size of heart
size of a fist and shaped like an upside-down pear
How many chambers does the heart have?
four chambers
Location of heart
located in the mediastinum in the center of the chest cavity
Apex
The tip of the heart at the lower edge
Endocardium
the inner layer of the heart lining the heart chambers
Myocardium
the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart
Pericardium
The heart is enclosed within a double-layered pleural sac
Atria
the receiving chambers of the heart.
Ventricles
the pumping chambers
Tricuspid valve
it controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
prevents blood that has been ejected into the pulmonary artery from returning to the right ventricle as it relaxes.
Mitral valve
Blood flows through this atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle and cannot go back up into the left atrium.
Aortic valve
Blood leaves the left ventricle through this valve and cannot return to the left ventricle.
