Integument 4b Flashcards
Connective Tissue Proper: Loose (Areolar)
Gel-like matrix with all three connective tissue
fibers, Fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cell, Wraps and cushions organs, Widely distributed throughout the body
Connective Tissue Proper: Loose (Adipose)
Matrix similar to areolar connective tissue with
closely packed adipocytes, Reserves food stores, insulates against heat loss, and supports and protects, Found under skin, around kidneys, within abdomen, and in breasts, Local fat deposits serve nutrient needs of highly active organs
Connective Tissue Proper: Loose (Reticular)
Loose ground substance with reticular fibers, Reticular cells lie in a fiber network, Forms a soft internal skeleton, or stroma, that supports other cell types, Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and the spleen
Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Regular
Parallel collagen fibers with a few elastic fibers, Major cell type is fibroblasts, Attaches muscles to bone or to other muscles, and bone to bone, Found in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses
Tendon
muscle to bone
Ligaments
bone to bone
Aponeuroses
soft tissue to soft tissue
Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Irregular
Irregularly arranged collagen fibers with some elastic fibers, Major cell type is fibroblasts, Withstands tension in many directions providing structural strength, Found in the dermis, submucosa of the digestive tract, and fibrous organ capsules
Connective Tissue: Hyaline Cartilage
Amorphous, firm matrix with imperceptible
network of collagen fibers, Chondrocytes lie in lacunae, Supports, reinforces, cushions, and resists compression, Forms the costal cartilage
Connective Tissue: Hyaline Cartilage found in
Found in embryonic skeleton, the end of long bones, nose, trachea, and larynx
Connective Tissue: Elastic Cartilage
Similar to hyaline cartilage but with more elastic fibers
Maintains shape and structure while allowing flexibility
Supports external ear (pinna) and the epiglottis
Orcein
Stains hyaline cartilage
Silver
stains Recticular connective tissue
What stains adipose tissue
Sudan Black and Osmium Tetroxide
Connective Tissue: Fibrocartilage
Matrix similar to hyaline cartilage but less firm with thick collagen fibers
Provides tensile strength and absorbs compression shock
Found in intervertebral discs, the pubic symphysis, and in discs of the knee joint
Connective Tissue: Bone (Osseous Tissue)
Hard, calcified matrix with collagen fibers found in bone
Osteocytes are found in lacunae and are well vascularized
Supports, protects, and provides levers for muscular action
Stores calcium, minerals, and fat
Marrow inside bones is the site of hematopoiesis
Isogenous
Same Origin
Connective Tissue: Blood
Red and white cells in a fluid matrix (plasma)
Contained within blood vessels
Functions in the transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes
Serum
Without clotting factors
Plasma
with clotting factors
Never Let Monkey Eat Banana
Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil
Nervous Tissue
Branched neurons with long cellular processes and support cells
Transmits electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors
Found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
Muscle Tissue: Skeletal
Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations
Initiates and controls voluntary movement
Found in skeletal muscles that attach to bones or
skin
Muscle Tissue: Cardiac
Branching, striated, uninucleate cells interlocking at intercalated discs
Propels blood into the circulation
Found in the walls of the heart
Involuntary control
Muscle Tissue: Smooth
Sheets of spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei that have no striations
Propels substances along internal passageways (i.e., peristalsis)
Found in the walls of hollow organs
Primary germ layers
ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Nerve tissue arises from
ectoderm
Muscle, connective tissue, endothelium, and mesothelium arise from
mesoderm
Epithelial tissues arise from
all three germ layers ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
