Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 1 > Bone tissues 6a > Flashcards

Bone tissues 6a Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, and hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Long bones

A

longer than they are wide (e.g., humerus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Short bones

A

Cube- shaped bones of the wrist and ankle
Bones that form
within tendons (e.g., patella)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Flat bones

A

thin, flattened, and a bit curved (e.g., sternum, and most skull bones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Irregular bones

A

bones with complicated shapes (e.g., vertebrae and hip bones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of Bones

A 
Support
Protection
Movement
Mineral storage (calcium and phosphorus)
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis occurs within the marrow cavities of bones)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bulges, depressions, and holes that serve as

A

Sites of attachment for muscles, ligaments,
and tendons
Joint surfaces
Conduits for blood vessels and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tuberosity

A

rounded projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Crest

A

narrow, prominent ridge of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Trochanter

A

large, blunt, irregular surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Line

A

narrow ridge of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tubercle

A

small rounded projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Epicondyle

A

raised area above a condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spine

A

sharp, slender projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Process

A

any bony prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bone Markings: Projections –

Sites of Muscle and Ligament Attachment

A

Tuberosity, Crest, Trochanter, Line, Tubercle, Epicondyle, Spine, Process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bone Markings: Projections – Projections That Help to Form Joints

A

Head, Facet, Condyle, Ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Head

A

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

20
Q

Facet

A

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

21
Q

Condyle

A

rounded articular projection

22
Q

Ramus

A

armlike bar of bone

23
Q

Bone Markings: Depressions and Openings

A

Meatus, Sinus, Fossa, Groove, Fissure, Foramen

24
Q

Meatus

A

canal-like passageway

25
Q

Sinus

A

cavity within a bone

26
Q

Fossa

A

shallow, basinlike depression

27
Q

Groove

A

furrow

28
Q

Fissure

A

narrow, slitlike opening

29
Q

Foramen

A

round or oval opening through a bone

30
Q

Compact bone

A

dense outer layer

31
Q

Spongy bone

A

honeycomb of trabeculae filled

with yellow bone marrow

32
Q

Diaphysis

A

Tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones
Composed of compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity
Yellow bone marrow (fat) is contained in the medullary cavity

33
Q

Epiphyses

A

Expanded ends of long bones
Exterior is compact bone, and the interior is spongy bone
Joint surface is covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage
Epiphyseal line separates the diaphysis from the epiphyses

34
Q

Metaphysis

A

between diaphysis and epiphysis

35
Q

Periosteum

A

double-layered protective membrane

Richly supplied with nerve fibers, blood, and lymphatic vessels, which enter the bone via nutrient foramina

36
Q

Endosteum

A

delicate membrane covering internal

surfaces of bone

37
Q

Osteoblasts

A

bone-forming cells

38
Q

Osteocytes

A

mature bone cells

39
Q

Osteoclasts

A

large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix

40
Q

Osteoid

A

unmineralized bone matrix composed of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and collagen

41
Q

Hydroxyapatites

A

mineral salts, Sixty-five percent of bone by mass, Mainly calcium phosphates, Responsible for bone hardness and its resistance to compression

42
Q

Osteogenesis and ossification – the process of bone tissue formation, which leads to:

A

The formation of the bony skeleton in embryos, Bone growth until early adulthood, Bone thickness, remodeling, and repair

43
Q

Intramembranous ossification

A

bone develops from a fibrous membrane

44
Q

Endochondral ossification

A

bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage
Uses hyaline cartilage “bones” as models for
bone construction
Requires breakdown of hyaline cartilage prior to ossification

45
Q

Stages of Endochondral Ossification

A

Formation of bone collar
Cavitation of the hyaline cartilage
Invasion of internal cavities by the periosteal bud, and spongy bone formation
Formation of the medullary cavity; appearance of secondary ossification centers in the epiphyses
Ossification of the epiphyses, with hyaline cartilage remaining only in the epiphyseal plates

A&P 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions